PN HESI Med Surg V2/ Latest 2022/ 55 Questions & Answers

PN HESI Med Surg V2

1. A primigravid client at 26 weeks’ gestation asks the nurse what causes heartburn
   during pregnancy. The nurse should explain to the client that heartburn during
   pregnancy
   is usually caused by which of the following?
2. Increased peristaltic action during pregnancy.
3. Displacement of the stomach by the diaphragm.
4. Decreased secretion of hydrochloric acid.
5. Backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus.
   (Ans- 4. Backflow of stomach contents into the esophagus.
6. A client at a follow-up appointment after having a miscarriage 2 weeks
   previously yells at the nurse, “How could God do this to me? I’ve never done
   anything
   wrong.” Which of the following responses by the nurse would be most appropriate
   at
   this time?
7. “God can handle your anger. It’s okay.”
8. “I know you are angry. It’s so hard to lose your baby.”
9. “It isn’t God’s fault. It was an accident.”
10. “You’re a strong person. You will get through this.”
    (Ans- 2. “I know you are angry. It’s so hard to lose your baby.”
11. A client who has been prescribed chemotherapy is worried and wants to take
    herbal treatments instead. The nurse’s best response to the client is which of the
    following?
12. “You are making a mistake and placing your life in jeopardy.”
13. “Herbal treatments are not approved by the government’s regulatory agency.”
14. “Herbal treatments have not been researched with cancer.”
15. “Tell me about your concerns with chemotherapy.”
    (Ans- 4. “Tell me about your concerns with chemotherapy.”
16. A 4-year-old child is admitted for a cardiac catheterization. Which of the
    following is most important to include as the nurse teaches this child about the
    cardiac
    catheterization?
17. A plastic model of the heart.
18. A catheter that will be inserted into the artery.
19. The parents.
20. Other children undergoing a catheterization.
    (Ans- 3. The parents.
21. A client has a reddened area over a bony prominence. The nurse finds a nursing
    assistant massaging this area. The nurse should:
22. Reinforce the nursing assistant’s use of this intervention over the bony
    prominence.
23. Explain to the nursing assistant that massage is effective because it improves
    blood flow to the area.
24. Inform the nursing assistant that massage is even more effective when combined
    with the use of lotion.
25. Instruct the nursing assistant that massage is contraindicated because it
    decreases
    blood flow to the area.
    (Ans- 4. Instruct the nursing assistant that massage is contraindicated because it
    decreases
    blood flow to the area.
26. A worried mother confides in the nurse that she wants to change primary care
    providers because her infant is not getting better. The best response by the nurse is
    which of the following?
27. “This doctor has been on our staff for 20 years.”
28. “I know you are worried, but the doctor has an excellent reputation.”
29. “You always have an option to change. Tell me about your concerns.”
30. “I take my own children to this doctor.”
    (Ans- 3. “You always have an option to change. Tell me about your concerns.”
31. A mother who is breast-feeding and has known food sensitivities is asking the
    nurse what foods she should avoid in her diet. The nurse should advise her to avoid
    which foods? Select all that apply.
32. Shellfish.
33. Eggs.
34. Peanuts.
35. Beef.
36. Lamb
    . (Ans1. Shellfish.
37. Eggs.
38. Peanuts.
39. A widowed client who is receiving chemotherapy tells the nurse that he does not
    like to cook for himself. A community resource for this client is:
40. Hospice/palliative care association.
41. Home care/visiting nurses group.
42. Meals on Wheels.
43. Association for Retirees.
    (Ans- 3. Meals on Wheels.
44. After the client has a temporary pacemaker inserted, the nurse should verify that
    which of the following has been documented?
45. The client’s cardiovascular status.
46. The client’s emotional state.
47. The type of sedation used.
48. Pacemaker rate, type, and settings.
    (Ans- 1. The client’s cardiovascular status.
49. The nurse judges that the parent of a 9-month-old infant in a hip spica cast
    understands how to feed the child when the parent states which of the following?
50. “I can lay my child flat and feed that way.”
51. “I’ll raise my child’s head up and leave the hips and legs on a pillow.”
52. “I can borrow a special feeding table to use.”