Genetics Final Exam (Final exam for Pittcock
Genetics)
What are deleterious genes and list one example
(ANS – alleles whose phenotype results in significantly reduced fitness of an
animal; Dexter cattle – short legs
Genetics
(ANS – The scientific study of heredity and hereditary variation.
Gregor Mendel is often referred to as
(ANS – “Father of Genetics”
What plant did Gregor Mendel study?
(ANS – peas
Why was Mendel more successful than other researchers? (what were they looking
for or at differently)
(ANS –
- Picked easy organism to experiment
- Picked plant that was diploid
- Picked traits that were simply inherited
- Mendel looked at traits separately
Define genetic improvement and list 3 examples
(ANS –
The betterment of an organism; - bigger
- smaller
- faster
- hairless
- quicker weight gain
Who created the term “genetics?
‘(ANS – William Batesone
What is a chromosome?
(ANS – a DNA molecule composed of RNA and proteins to form a threadlike
structure; only visible during meiosis and mitosis (contains the genes)
What is located on a chromosome?
(ANS – genes
What is the appearance of the structure of a DNA strand?
(ANS – double helix
Define DNA
(ANS – Genetic material makes up a gene and then makes up a chromosome
List the bases that make up DNA
(ANS
- Adenine
Guanine
Cytosine
Thymine
What DNA bases are paired together?
(ANS – Adenine – Thymine
Cytosine – Guanine
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cattle
(ANS – Dominant – polled
Recessive – horned
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Chickens
(ANS – Dominant – feathered shanks
Recessive – clean shanks
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Horses
(ANS – Dominant – smooth hair
Recessive – curly hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Dogs
(ANS – Dominant – wire hair
Recessive – smooth hair
List one dominant trait and the corresponding recessive trait
Cats
(ANS – Dominant – short hair