Test Bank For Maternal-Child Nursing 6th Edition By Emily Slone McKinney 1
Chapter 01: Foundations of Maternity, Women’s Health, and Child Health Nursing
McKinney: Evolve Resources for Maternal-Child Nursing, 6th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
- Which factor significantly contributed to the shift from
home births to hospital births in theearly 20th century?
a. Puerperal sepsis was identified as a risk factor in labor
and delivery.
b. Forceps were developed to facilitate difficult births.
c. The importance of early parental-infant contact was
identified.
d. Technologic developments became available to
physicians.
ANS: D
Technologic developments were available to physicians,
not lay midwives. So in-hospital births increased in order
to take advantage of these advancements. Puerperal sepsis
has been aknown problem for generations. In the late 19th
century, Semmelweis discovered how it couldbe
prevented with improved hygienic practices. The
development of forceps is an example of a technology advance made in the early 20th century
but is not the only reason birthplaces moved. Unlike home births, early hospital births
hindered bonding between parents and their infants.
PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
OBJ:Integrated Process: Teaching-Learning
MSC:Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment - Family-centered maternity care developed in response to
a. demands by physicians for family involvement in childbirth.
b. the Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921.
c. parental requests that infants be allowed to remain with them rather than in a
nursery.
d. changes in pharmacologic management of labor.
ANS: C
As research began to identify the benefits of early extended parent-infant contact, parents
began to insist that the infant remain with them. This gradually developed into the practice of
rooming-in and finally to family-centered maternity care. Family-centered care was a request
by parents, not physicians. The Sheppard-Towner Act of 1921 provided funds for
state-managed programs for mothers and children. The changes in pharmacologic
management of labor were not a factor in family-centered maternity care.
PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
OBJ:Integrated Process: Teaching-Learning
MSC:Client Needs: Psychosocial Integrity - Which setting for childbirth allows the least amount of parent-infant contact?
a. Labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum room
b. Birth center
c. Traditional hospital birth
d. Home birth
Test Bank For Maternal-Child Nursing 6th Edition By Emily Slone McKinney 2
ANS: C
In the traditional hospital setting, the mother may see the infant for only short feeding periods,
and the infant is cared for in a separate nursery. While this is slowly changing, to more closely
resemble other birthing models, the traditional hospital birth still offers the least amount of
parent-infant contact. The labor/delivery/recovery/postpartum room setting allows increased
parent-infant contact. Birth centers are set up to allow an increase in parent-infant contact.
Home births allow an increase in parent-infant contact.
PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering OBJ:Nursing Process: Planning
MSC:Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance
- The maternity nurse should have a clear understanding of the correct use of a clinical
pathway. One characteristic of clinical pathways is that they
a. are developed and implemented by nurses.
b. are used primarily in the pediatric setting.
c. set specific time lines for sequencing interventions.
d. are part of the nursing process.
ANS: C
Clinical pathways are standardized, interdisciplinary plans of care devised for patients with a
particular health problem. They are used to identify patient outcomes, specify timelines to
achieve those outcomes, direct appropriate interventions and sequencing of interventions,
include interventions from a variety of disciplines, promote collaboration, and involve a
comprehensive approach to care. They are developed by multiple health care professionals
and reflect interdisciplinary care. They can be used in multiple settings and for patients
throughout the life span. They are not part of the nursing process but can be used in
conjunction with the nursing process to provide care to patients.
PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering OBJ:Nursing Process: Planning
MSC:Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment - A nurse wishes to work to reduce infant mortality in the United States. Which activity would
this nurse most likely participate in?
a. Creating pamphlets in several different languages using an interpreter.
b. Assisting women to enroll in Medicaid by their third trimester.
c. Volunteering to provide prenatal care at community centers.
d. Working as an intake counselor at a women‘s shelter.
ANS: C
Prenatal care is vital to reducing infant mortality and medical costs. This nurse would most
likely participate in community service providing prenatal care outreach activities in
community centers, particularly in low-income areas. Pamphlets in other languages, enrolling
in Medicaid, and working at a women‘s shelter all might impact infant mortality, but the
greatest effect would be from assisting women to get consistent prenatal care.
PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying
OBJ:Nursing Process: Implementation MSC:Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance - Which statement is true regarding the ―quality assurance‖ or ―incident‖ report?
a. The report assures the legal department that no problem exists.
b. Reports are a permanent part of the patient‘s chart.
Test Bank For Maternal-Child Nursing 6th Edition By Emily Slone McKinney 3
c. The nurse‘s notes should contain, ―Incident report filed, and copy placed in chart.‖
d. This report is a form of documentation of an event that may result in legal action.
ANS: D
An incident report is used when something occurs that might result in legal action, such as a
patient fall or medication error. It warns the legal department that there may be a problem in a
particular patient‘s care. Incident reports are not part of the patient‘s chart; thus the nurses‘
notes should not contain any reference to them.
PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
OBJ:Integrated Process: Communication and Documentation
MSC:Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
- Which woman would be most likely to seek prenatal care?
a. A 15-year-old who tells her friends, ―I don‘t believe I‘m pregnant.‖
b. A 20-year-old who is in her first pregnancy and has access to a free prenatal clinic.
c. A 28-year-old who is in her second pregnancy and abuses drugs and alcohol.
d. A 30-year-old who is in her fifth pregnancy and delivered her last infant at home.
ANS: B
The patient who acknowledges the pregnancy early, has access to health care, and has no
reason to avoid health care is most likely to seek prenatal care. Being in denial about the
pregnancy increases the risk of not seeking care. This patient is also 15, and other social
factors may discourage her from seeking care as well. Women who abuse substances are less
likely to receive prenatal care. Some women see pregnancy and delivery as a natural
occurrence and do not seek health care.
PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
OBJ:Nursing Process: Assessment MSC:Client Needs: Health Promotion and Maintenance - A woman who delivered her baby 6 hours ago complains of headache and dizziness. The
nurse administers an analgesic but does not perform any assessments. The woman then has a
tonic-clonic seizure, falls out of bed, and fractures her femur. How would the actions of the
nurse be interpreted in relation to standards of care?
a. Negligent: the nurse failed to assess the woman for possible complications
b. Negligent: because the nurse medicated the woman
c. Not negligent: the woman had signed a waiver concerning the use of side rails
d. Not negligent: the woman did not inform the nurse of her symptoms as soon as
they occurred
ANS: A
There are four elements to malpractice, which is negligence in the performance of
professional duties: duty, breach of duty, damage, and proximate cause. The nurse was
negligent because she or he did not perform any assessments, which is the first step of the
nursing process and is a standard of care. By not assessing the patient, the nurse did not meet
established standards of care, and thus is guilty of professional negligence, or malpractice.
PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering OBJ:Nursing Process: Evaluation
MSC:Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment - Which patient situation fails to meet the first requirement of informed consent?
a. The patient does not understand the physician‘s explanations.
Test Bank For Maternal-Child Nursing 6th Edition By Emily Slone McKinney 4
b. The physician gives the patient only a partial list of possible side effects and
complications.
c. The patient is confused and disoriented.
d. The patient signs a consent form because her husband tells her to.
ANS: C
The first requirement of informed consent is that the patient must be competent to make
decisions about health care. Full disclosure of information is an important element of the
consent, but first the patient has to be competent to sign. Understanding is an important
element of the consent, but first the patient has to be competent to sign. Voluntary consent is
an important element of the consent, but first the patient has to be competent to sign.
PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
OBJ:Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC:Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment
- Which situation reflects a potential ethical dilemma for the nurse?
a. A nurse administers analgesics to a patient with cancer as often as the provider‘s
order allows.
b. A neonatal nurse provides nourishment and care to a newborn who has a defect
that is incompatible with life.
c. A labor nurse, whose religion opposes abortion, is asked to assist with an elective
abortion.
d. A postpartum nurse provides information about adoption to a new mother who
feels she cannot adequately care for her infant.
ANS: C
A dilemma exists in this situation because the nurse is being asked to assist with a procedure
that she or he believes is morally wrong. The other situations do not contain elements of
conflict for the nurse.
PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding
OBJ:Nursing Process: Assessment
MSC:Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment - When planning a parenting class, the nurse should explain that the leading cause of death in
children 1 to 4 years of age in the United States is
a. premature birth.
b. congenital anomalies.
c. accidental death.
d. respiratory tract illness.
ANS: C
Although the rates have dropped, unintentional injury (accidents) are still the leading cause of
death for children aged 1 to 19. The other options contribute to morbidity and mortality in
children but are not the leading cause.
PTS:1 DIF: Cognitive Level: Remembering
OBJ:Integrated Process: Teaching-Learning
MSC:Client Needs: Safe and Effective Care Environment