What does periodontology involve? Correct Answer: Diagnosis, tx, and prevention of the
inflammatory and systemic disease processes affecting the periodontium
What are the tissues of the periodontium? Correct Answer: Gingiva, PDL, Cementum and
alveolar bone
What are the functions of the periodontal ligament? Correct Answer: Transmits occlusal forces
to bone, attaches teeth to bone, maintains position of gingival tissues, resists impact of occlusal
forces, shock absorber for nerves/vessels, supplies nutrients to periodontal structures, transmits
touch, pain, and pressure sensation
What are sharpey
S fibers Correct Answer: Collagenous fibers that attach cementum to bone
What are the 6 principle fiber groups? Correct Answer: Transeptal, alveolar crest, oblique,
horizontal, apical, and interradicular
Transeptal fibers Correct Answer: Extend interproximally over alveolar crest; embedded in
cementum of two adjacent teeth
Alveolar crest fibers Correct Answer: Apical to JE’ extends obliquely from cementum to
alveolar bone
Oblique fibers Correct Answer: Largest, most significant fiber group, exends from cementum
CORONALLY to bone; withstands masticatory stress in a VERTICAL direction
Horizonal fibers Correct Answer: Extend at right angles to the long axis of the tooth
Apical fibers Correct Answer: Extend from apical aspect of cementum oto base of tooth socket
Interradicular fibers Correct Answer: Found only in mult-rooted teeth extending from cementum
to bone in furcations
Cells in the PDL Correct Answer: Fibroblasts, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, cementoblasts
Why are fibroblasts important? Correct Answer: Most prominent cell in PDL; responsible for
collagen synthesis and degradation
What are the 2 gingival diseases? Correct Answer: Dental plaque-induced gingivitis, non-plaque
induced gingival lesions
Dental plaque-induced gingival diseases Correct Answer: Associated with plaque only, modified
by systemic factors, medications, and nutrition
Non-plaque induced gingival lesions Correct Answer: Viral, fungal, or genetic, gingival
manifestations of systemic conditions, traumatic lesions, foreign body reactions
What are some specific causes of gingival inflammation? Correct Answer: Open contacts,
subgingval margins of resorations, overhangs, food impaction
Gingivitis Correct Answer: Results from ulceration at base of sulcus
Chronic Periodontitis Correct Answer: Localized/generalized
Aggressive periodontitis Correct Answer: Localized/generalized; “early onset’ runs in family,
often pedo
Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic diseased Correct Answer: Most often hematological
diseases-Acquired neutropenia, leukemia
What happens when there is something wrong with the neutrophil? Correct Answer: We get
perio
What happens orally with leukemia? Correct Answer: Boggy tissue, white, spontaneous
bleeding
Periodontitis associated with genetic disorders? Correct Answer: Familial and cyclic
neutropenia, Down syndrome, leukocyte adhesion deficiency, Papillon-LeFevre Syndrome,
Chediak-Higashi syndrome, Histiocytosis, Glycogen storage disease, infantile genetic
agranulocytosis, cohen syndrome, Ehlers-danlos, hypophosphatasia
Necrotizing perio disease Correct Answer: NUP/NUG
Difference between NUP and NUG in patients with no systemic disease or immune dysfunction?
Correct Answer: NUP causes Loss of clinical attachment and alveolar bone at affected sites
Microbes most commonly associated with NUP/NUG? Correct Answer: Spirochetes: treponema
denticola
Fusobacterium, Prevotella intermedia, porphyromonas gingivalis
What is the treatment of NUP/NUG? Correct Answer: Antibiotic therapy with tetracycling
because is concentrates in the gingival crevicular fluid and anti-collagenase properties
What are the common clinical findings of NUP?NUG Correct Answer: Punched out papilla,
pseudomembrane, fetid odor, pain, severe inflammation→tissue is rotting