Levels of organization – ANSWER Chemical, cellular, tissue, organ, system, organism
Cells are – ANSWER The basic structural and functional units of an organism
3 components of a feedback system – ANSWER Receptor, control center, effector
Negative feedback – ANSWER Reverses the change in a controlled condition
Positive feedback – ANSWER Strengthens or reinforces the change in a controlled
condition
Intracellular – ANSWER Fluid within the cell
Extracellular – ANSWER Fluid outside the cell
Superior – ANSWER Toward the head, above
Inferior – ANSWER Away from the head, below
Anterior/ventral – ANSWER Toward the front
Posterior/dorsal – ANSWER Toward the back
Ipsilateral – ANSWER Same side of the body
Contralateral – ANSWER Opposite side of the body
Superficial – ANSWER Toward the surface
Deep – ANSWER Toward the core of the body
Protons – ANSWER Largest positively charged particle
Neutrons – ANSWER Second large particle, does not have a charge
Electrons – ANSWER Negatively charged particle surrounding the nucleus
Neutrons and protons form what – ANSWER The nucleus
What is atomic number – ANSWER The number of protons found in an atom
What is mass number – ANSWER The sum of protrons and neutrons in an atom and
indicates the weight of the atom
Name 8 chemical elements found in body – ANSWER Nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen,
carbon, potassium, sodium, chlorine, iodine
3 stages that matter can exist – ANSWER Liquid, solid, gas
Anabolism – ANSWER Builds up reactions to form bonds, requiring energy
Catabolism – ANSWER Breaks down reaction to break bonds releasing energy
Exergonic – ANSWER Releases energy to break a bond
Endergonic – ANSWER Requires energy to be added to form a bond
Kinetic energy – ANSWER Energy of matter in motion
Potential energy – ANSWER Energy stored by matter
Eukaryotic cell – ANSWER Complex cells containing a nucleus and organelles, found in
fungi, plants and animals
Name 3 components of a eukaryotic cell – ANSWER Plasma membrane, cytoplasm,
nucleus
Plasma membrane – ANSWER Outside boundary of a cell, separates and protects
internal environment of a cell
Cytoplasm – ANSWER Contains cells contents such as cytosol and organelles
Nucleus – ANSWER Large organelle that contains dna in molecules called
chromosomes
Cytosol – ANSWER Intracellular fluid surrounding the organelles
Organelles – ANSWER Specialized structures within the cell
Permeable barrier – ANSWER Access passages allowing selective substances across
the membrane
Passive transport – ANSWER Does not require energy to pass substance across the
membrane
Active transport – ANSWER Requires energy to allow substance to cross the membrane