Client-Centered Care 1 Exam 2 concept
guide
Vitamin A
(Ans- Found in chicken livers, sweet potato with skin, carrots, spinach, and
pumpkin.
Deficiency causes night blindness, exophthalmia, and decreased immunity
Vitamin D
(Ans- Found in tuna fish, whole or fortified milk, fortified soy milk, and
fortified cereal.
Deficiency causes rickets, osteomalacia, and osteoporosis
Vitamin K
(Ans- Found in green leafy vegetables, tuna fish, and tomato sauce.
Deficiency causes hemorrhagic disease (newborn) and defective blood
clotting
Thiamin (B1)
(Ans- Found in pork, beef, whole grains, and legumes
Deficiency causes beriberi, neuropathy, Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome
(alcoholism)
Riboflavin (B2)
(Ans- Found in milk products, organ meats, enriched grains and cereals
Deficiency causes cheilosis, glossitis, seborrheic dermatitis
Niacin (B3)
(Ans- Found in meat and dairy, peanuts, enriched grains and cereals
Deficiency causes pellagra, weakness, scaly dermatitis and neuritis
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine)
(Ans- Found in meat, organ meats, legumes, bananas, and potatoes
Deficiency causes hypochromic anemia and CNS abnormalities
Vitamin B12 (cobalamin)
(Ans- Found in meat, milk, cheese, egg, fortified cereals and juices
Deficiency causes pernicious anemia, and neural tube defects in
pregnancy
Phosphorus
(Ans- Formation of bones and teeth, participates in absorption of glucose.
Found in milk, cheese, meats, egg yolk, whole grains, legumes and nuts.
Requires 700 mg/day
Deficiency causes hypophosphatemia, weakness, loss of appetite, fatigue
and pain
Risks for dehydration & diseases
(Ans- Kidney infections, kidney stones, gallstones, and constipation, can
advance to death, may adversely influence cognitive function and mood
Risks for fluid volume overload (Hypervolemia)
(Ans- Kidney disease, congestive heart failure and liver disease.