EMT-BASIC PRACTICE EXAM 3 2023 All Questions with Complete Solution |Best Guide 2023/2024
EMT-BASIC
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EMT-BASIC PRACTICE EXAM 3 2023 All
Questions with Complete Solution |Best
Guide 2023/2024
If a preschool child suffers an injury, you should keep in mind that she:
A. is not frightened of you as a rescuer.
B. does not mind being undressed for a physical exam.
C. does not mind being separated from her parents.
D. thinks that she is being punished for being bad.
(Correct Answer: – D. Preschool children often imagine that their injury is a result of
a “bad” behavior of some sort. It is important for the rescuer to make efforts to
calm the child and reassure her that what happened was not her fault.
Adolescent patients have all of the following characteristics EXCEPT:
A. they want their parents to be present during examination.
B. they are modest and embarrassed about having clothing removed.
C. they prize their dignity and want to be talked to as if they are adults.
D. they are especially fearful of permanent injury and disfigurement.
(Correct Answer: – A. Although adolescent patients are physiologically more alike to
adults than children, when under stress, they may revert to a younger emotional
age. Teenagers in particular can be focused on their outward appearance, and any
injury may be perceived as a significant issue.
Which patient is breathing adequately?
A. male, age 3 months: respiratory rate, 62/min, using diaphragm and muscles in
chest and neck
B. female, age 7: respiratory rate, 12/min, irregular rhythm, using diaphragm
primarily
C. male, age 18: respiratory rate, 28/min, shallow chest motions
D. female, age 43: respiratory rate, 15/min, regular chest motions
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(Correct Answer: – D. The normal respiratory rate for an adult is 12-20 breaths per
minute, and chest wall motion should be regular and neither shallow nor very deep.
One anatomical difference between infants and adults is that:
A. infants have a slower respiratory rate.
B. infants have a smaller surface area relative to body mass.
C. infants’ brain tissues are thinner and softer.
D. infants’ spleen and liver are more protected.
(Correct Answer: – C. Infants breathe at a faster rate than adults in order to supply
more oxygen to a higher metabolic rate. Their surface area is relatively larger,
especially at the head, making infants more susceptible to heat loss. An infant’s rib
cage and abdominal muscles are much less developed than adults, which places
internal organs such as the spleen and liver at greater risk for injury.
A patient should receive oxygen via a non-rebreather mask if he or she is having
difficulty breathing or is:
A. frightened.
B. in pain.
C. cyanotic.
D. mentally unstable.
(Correct Answer: – C. Any patient who is having difficulty breathing or who is
cyanotic should receive oxygen through a non-rebreather mask.
When should you use the jaw thrust to open the airway of your patient?
A. if he or she is under on year of age
B. if you suspect spinal trauma
C. if he or she is unconscious
D. if he or she has a curvature of the spine
(Correct Answer: – B. Use the jaw thrust rather than the head-tilt/chin-lift to open
the airway in any patient who has suspected spinal trauma.
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A danger of using a rigid suction catheter with infants and young children is that
stimulating the back of the throat can:
A. cause changes in the heart rhythm.
B. be ineffective in suctioning.
C. lead to immediate vomiting.
D. cause the tongue to fall into the airway.
(Correct Answer: – A. When using a rigid catheter to suction infants and small
children, take care not to touch the back of the throat, since stimulation here an
cause bradycardia due to stimulation of the vagus nerve. Touching the back of the
throat or around the base of the tongue in any patient can trigger a gag, which
could lead to vomiting, but the chance of this is not any greater in pediatric
patients.
When an EMT-B suctions a patient, he or she should only insert the catheter to what
point?
A. only to the front of the mouth
B. never past the last molar
C. only to the top of the epiglottis
D. never past the base of the tongue
(Correct Answer: – D. Suctioning by the EMT-B is limited to the oro- and
nasopharyngeal airways. You should never insert the catheter farther than the base
of the tongue. Make sure you measure the catheter like you would measure an
oropharyngeal airway, mark the measurement, and insert no deeper than that mark.
The flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device should not be used on:
A. hypoxic elderly patients.
B. infants or very young children.
C. patients with diabetes mellitus.
D. patients without airway control.
(Correct Answer: – B. The flow-restricted, oxygen-powered ventilation device should
not be used on infants and young children because it can damage lung tissue and
allow air to enter the stomach.
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You are ventilating an adult patient with the two-person bag-valve-mask procedure.
Which sign would indicate that the patient is being adequately ventilated?
A. The patient’s heart rate remains below 60/min.
B. The patient is receiving 12 ventilations per minute.
C. The chest rises and falls with each ventilation.
D. The patient is able to speak in complete sentences.
(Correct Answer: – C. The best sign that artificial ventilation is adequate is seeing
the patient’s chest rise and fall with each ventilation.
Your patient is a 35-year-old trauma victim who is not breathing. You are unable to
open the airway by means of the jaw thrust and suctioning. You should:
A. attempt a mouth-to-mask ventilation
B. use the head-tilt/chin-lift technique.
C. ventilate with a bag-valve-mask unit.
D. insert an airway through a tracheostomy.
(Correct Answer: – B. Although the head-tilt/chin-lift is not ordinarily used on
trauma patients because it interferes with spinal immobilization and alignment,
opening the airway takes priority over all other considerations. Be sure to document
your actions in the patient care report.
Which statement about inadequate breathing is correct?
a. A breathing rate that is either too fast or too slow may indicate inadequate
breathing.
b. Inadequate breathing is much less common in small children than in older adults.
c. Increased effort of breathing is often a normal sign and is not associated with
inadequate breathing.
d. A patient breathing very deeply or very shallowly is compensating for an
abnormal respiratory rate.
(Correct Answer: – a. A respiratory rate that is either too fast or too slow may be a
sign of inadequate breathing.
Respiratory distress occurs with many medical and trauma problems and spans the
age groups, making choice b inaccurate. An increased work
(effort) of breathing frequently accompanies
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