NUR 635 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Exam Review – Q’s & A’s
NUR 635 Advanced Pharmacology
Midterm Exam Review – Q’s & A’s
Pt on heparin in hospital setting. Why start coumadin 2 days before dc?
Correct Ans – Because coumadin needs a couple days before it starts
working.
Angina: bc pts dev tolerance to long-acting nitroglycerine w/i 1 day. How to
prevent? Correct Ans – Pts must have 8hrs with no nitroglycerine
every days. Hint: At night, remove nitro patch bc no risk of exertional angina
Underlying cause of angina Correct Ans – coronary disease,
athlerosclerosis
Why do we give aspirin in pts w/atherosclerosis? Correct Ans –
Aspirin is an antiplatelet.. Prevents the existing plaques from getting bigger.
Prevents plaque rupture. Cardio protective, prevents stroke, MI, CVA
What is prescribed for angina pts w/DM? Correct Ans – ACE inhibitors
to protect the kidneys and nerves
SE of high doses of aspirin? Correct Ans – Tinnitus: ringing ears
Pt education regarding Plavix(clopidogrel bisulfate)? Correct Ans –
Anti-platelet med. S/sx bleeding: blood in stool or vomit, excessive bruising,
abd pain uterine bld, back pain, petichae. Interactions with EVERYTHING:
OTC, herbals, supplements
Pts on coumadin? What are we watching for? Correct Ans – INR to
check therapeutic levels. Half life is long. Check 12hrs after taking.
What can be caused if pt started on heparin? Correct Ans – day4,
ordering blood work to check platelet count to observe for
THROMBOCYTOPENIA
coumadin and childbearing aged females Correct Ans – Interactions
with oral contraceptives- must have a back up method during time you’re
taking coumadin
Pregnancy considerations and coumadin Correct Ans – Need to
monitor anti-Xa levels
biggest food group interaction with coumadin Correct Ans –
Grapefruit, green leafy veggies. Why? high in vitamin K which counteracts
warfarin
Short duration: rapid acting insulin indication, MOA, usage Correct Ans –
Given w/meals
Provide bs control between meals at night
Can use in conjunction w/intermediate or long-acting agent
lispro, aspart, gluulocene
Short duration: short acting insulin indication, MOA, usage Correct Ans –
Before meals to control postprandial hyperglycemia
Infused SQ via pump
humulin/regular
intermediate(humalin/novalin) duration insulin indication, MOA, usage
Correct Ans – BS control between meals and during the night
Only one suitable for mixing w/short actings
basal coverage
Long duration: Insulin glargine U100 Correct Ans – up to 24hrs, once
daily subq dosing, basal coverage for DM1 or Dm2
Neostigmine is a medication uesd to tx what disease/disorder? Correct
Ans – Myastenia Gravis: AI disorder, antibodies destroy communication
btw nerves and muscles. S/S weak skeletal muscles, voluntary muscles,
dysphagia, ptosis
Myasthenia gravis is an AI disorder that may cause what s/s? Correct Ans
- difficulty swallowing
Medication must cross _ to affect CNS Correct Ans – BBB
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