Exam 3: NUR242/ NUR 242 (Latest 2023/ 2024) Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam Review| Complete Guide with Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct-Galen
Exam 3: NUR242/ NUR 242 (Latest 2023/
2024) Medical-Surgical Nursing Exam
Review| Complete Guide with Questions and
Verified Answers| 100% Correct
Q: Hiatal Hernia
Answer:
A condition where a part of the stomach that normally is located in the abdominal cavity
protrudes through the esophageal hiatus to rest within the chest cavity
Q: Hiatal Hernia symptoms usually worsen after meals. These symptoms may be made worse
when
Answer:
Lying flat and may resolve with sitting up or walking.
Q: Hiatal Hernia patients should immediately report
Answer:
abdominal pain with nausea, vomiting, and fever
Q: Hiatal Hernia lifestyle changes may include
Answer:
elevating the head of the bed when sleeping to allow gravity to prevent acid from refluxing into
the esophagus and remaining upright after meals.
Q: Hiatal hernia Diet should consist of
Answer:
small frequent meals instead of eating two or three larger meals a day. Avoid vigorous
movement after meals.
Q: Hiatal hernia foods that should be avoided include
Answer:
spicy, greasy foods, onions, tomatoes and citrus fruits
Q: Gastritis occurs when
Answer:
the lining of the stomach known as the mucosa becomes inflamed or swollen. When the stomach
mucosa becomes inflamed edema, hemorrhage and erosion of the mucosa occur.
Q: Medical treatment for Gastritis depends on the specific cause. Patients will be instructed to
stop taking irritating medications such as
Answer:
ASA and NSAIDS
Q: Gastritis medications to decrease the amount of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. these
would include
Answer:
Antacids, H2 antagonists, and Proton pump inhibitors
Q: The patient with Gastritis is at risk for
Answer:
Deficient Fluid Volume
A nursing priority is to access the patient’s hydration status. Includes I&O, Daily Weights, &VS.
Q: Peptic Ulcers Disease
Answer:
are a break in the mucous lining of gastrointestinal tract from continued contact with gastric
juice. This results in inflammation. Pain that is worsened by the ingestion of food.
Q: Ulcers in the mucosa of GI tract occur from several different causes. Duodenal ulcers are
associated with a
Answer:
H. Pylori infection
Q: Gastric ulcer pain is described as
Answer:
a dull, aching pain, often right after a meal; eating does not relieve pain and may even worsen it.
Pain may also occur late at night.
Q: Other symptoms associated with PUD are
Answer:
Nausea with or without vomiting, weight loss, anorexia, belching and dyspepsia (indigestion).
Patient may report a distended abdomen that is painful.
Q: PUD increased risk factor in
Answer:
Smokers
smoking contributes to the pathogenesis of peptic ulcer disease. Smoking causes an acceleration
of gastric emptying of liquids, promotes of duodenogastric reflux and causes a reduction in
mucosal blood flow. Patient should attend a smoking cessation course.
Q: Gastric Cancer
Answer:
Stomach cancers tend to develop slowly over many years. Before a true cancer develops, precancerous changes often occur in the inner lining (mucosa) of the stomach. These early changes
rarely cause symptoms and therefore often go undetected
Q: The decline of stomach acids has been linked to the frequent use of antibiotics to treat
infection. Antibiotics can kill the bacteria called
Answer:
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori), which is though to be a major cause of stomach cancer
Q: Gastrectomy post care
Answer:
Administer protein and vitamin supplements to foster wound repair and tissue building. Eat
small, frequent meals.
Q: Stress the importance of long term vitamin B12 injections after
Answer:
gastrectomy to prevent surgically induced pernicious anemia
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