Midterm Exam (Latest 2022): NR 565 / NR565 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Exam Review|Rated A| Chamberlain College

Midterm Exam (Latest 2022): NR 565 / NR565 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Exam Review|Rated A| Chamberlain College

NR 565 / NR565 Advanced Pharmacology Midterm Exam
Review| Chamberlain College

1. Typical Antipsychotics

• A class of older drugs to treat schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders
  primarily by reducing excess levels of dopamine in the brain
• do not give to elderly, neuroleptic malignang syndrome with high fever,
  increased HR, diaphoresis, rigidity, coma, many EPS
• do not stop suddenly, do not drive with it, wear sunscreen, monitor gait
• chlorpromazine, thioridazine, fluphenazine, fluphenazine decanoate,
  perphenazine, trifluoperazine, haloperidol, loxapine

1. atypical antipsychotics

• Antipsychotics that do not have significant side effects common to older
  antipsychotics
• agranulocytosis is deadly s/e, has EPS but less than others, no alcohol
• Olanzapine (obesity), Clozapine (agranulocytosis), Respiradone (increase
  prolactin)

1. Dopaminergics

• Treat parkinsons by enhancing dopamine
• do not give to schizophrenic patients
• levodopa (sinemet)
• stand up slowly, inhibited by protein

1. Benzodiazepines

• The most common group of antianxiety drugs, increases GABA and
  decreases neuronal excitation
• do not mix with cns depressive agents
• Valium, xanax, ativan

1. Serotonergic anxiolytics

• Enhances serotonin to relieve anxiety
• No CNS depression, no anticonvulsant properties, very mild SE
• Buspirone, ipsapirone, gepirone

1. Barbiturates

• drugs that depress the activity of the central nervous system, reducing
  anxiety but impairing memory and judgment, treat epilepsy, seizures,
  insomnia
• do not suddenly discontinue, CNS depression does occur, decreases many
  other medications such as beta blockers
• pentobarbital, -barbital etc

1. sedative-hypnotics

• Drugs that can act in the body either as sedatives or as hypnotics, depress the
  CNS

1. Benzodiazepine hypnotics

• Diazepam, Midazolam, Zolazepam
• Potentiates the inhibitory action of GABA. Activation of the receptor causes
  an influx of Cl- ion movement into the neuron and hyperpolarization and
  inhibition of membrane depolarization
• Addicting

1. Nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics

• Zolpidem, Zaleplon, exZopiclone. “ALL ZZZs put you to sleep.”
• MOA: act via BZ1 subtype of GABA receptor. Effects reversed by
  flumazemnil
• Use: insomnia
• SE: ataxia, headaches, confusion. Short duration. Decreased depdence risnk
  like bneozs and only modest daf-after pscyhomoter depression

1. mood stabilizers

• drugs used to control mood swings in patients with bipolar mood disorders

1. Lithium

• Inhibits IP3 second messenger cascade, mood stabilizer for bipolar
• therapeutic range 0.6 to 1.5
• causes congenital malformations
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