What are the three axes of an aircraft and name the associated emotions related to
each. Ans- Pitching, which is lateral axis, rolling which is longitudical axis, and yawing
which is vertical axis
Name the four forces that act upon an aircraft in relation to straight and level,
unaccelerated flight. Ans- Thrust, lift, weight, and drag
Explain C.G (Center of Gravity) Ans- The specific point where the mass or weight of
an aircraft may be set to center. That is, a point around which, if the aircraft could be
suspended or balanced, the aircraft would remain level.
Drag opposes , weight opposes . Ans- Thrust, lift
The position of the _ determines the stability of an aircraft in flight. Ans- Center of gravity List the five major components of an aircraft. Ans- Fuselage, wings, empennage, landing gear, power plant. What are the two control surfaces that are attached to the trailing edge of the wings and explain the function of each. Ans- Ailerons: at the midpoint of each wing, they move in opposite directions to create forces that produce roll. Flaps: flush with the wing, increases lifting force. Name the five components of an empennage. Ans- Horizontal stabilizer, vertical stabilizer, rudder, trim tabs, elevator. What part of the aircraft covers the engine and what is its purpose? Ans- The cowling covers the engine, and streamlines the flow of air around the engine to help cool the engine by conducting air around the cylinders. What is the difference between a tricycle gear aircraft and a conventional gear aircraft. Ans- The tricycle gear has a wheel in the front, the conventional gear has the wheel in the back. How are most aircraft steered? Ans- Most aircraft or steered by moving the rudder pedals. 1 / 3 Which primary flight control controls pitch? Ans- The elevator primarily controls flight pitch. The primary flight control which controls roll is Ans- Ailerons
Yaw is controlled by use of a Ans- Rudder
There are many different types of flaps, give 4 examples Ans- Slotted flap, basic
section, plain flap, split flap, fowler flap, slotted fowler flap
What are the three categories of instrumentation? Ans- Control, performance,
navigation instruments.
Where are the PFD and MFD located in the aircraft? Ans- In the dashboard
Explain semimonocoque construction. Ans- The semimonocoque construction
reinforces the stressed skin by taking some of the bending stress from the main section
of the fuselage, also includes a firewall.
What is a major advantage of using composite materials in an aircraft? AnsComposite materials has a lighter weight, it is also very smooth, compound, and curved
as well as aerodynamic. It also does not corrode, and it is flexible.
What is a major disadvantage of using composite construction? Ans- Composite
construction is very fragile.
Define pressure altitude Ans- The height above the standard data plane, which is a
theoretical level where the weight of the atmosphere is 29.92 HG.
What is density altitude? Ans- The vertical distance above sea level in the standard
atmosphere at which a given density is to be found. Also it is pressure altitude
converted for non-standard temperature.
The standard atmosphere at sea level is a surface temperature of degrees
Fahrenheit, or degrees Celsius, and a surface pressure of HG or
MB Ans- 59, 15, 29.92, 1,013.2
What is the standard temperature lapse rate? Ans- The lapse rate is one in which the
temperature decreases at a rate of 3.5 degrees Fahrenheit or 2°C for thousand feet up
to 36,000 feet. Which is approximately -65°F or -55°C.
What is the standard pressure lapse rate? Ans- The pressure decreases at one HG
Per 1000 feet of altitude gain up to 10,000 feet.
Hi elevations, high temperatures and or high humidity result in what type of density
altitude? Ans- They all increased density altitude.
A decrease in air density means a _ density altitude, while an increase in air
density means a density altitude Ans- Increased, decreased
What type of effect does high density altitude have on aircraft performance? AnsHigh density altitude has lower performance and efficiency.
Define mean camber line Ans- The mean camber line is equidistant at all points
Explain angle of attack. Ans- The angle of attack is defined as the angle formed by the
wing chord line and the relative wind.
Explain how newtons third law applies to an airplane Ans- The propeller pushes the
air to the plane which is the action, the opposite reaction is the plane going forward.
Which principle states that as the velocity of a moving fluid increases, the pressure with
the fluid decreases? Ans- Bernoulli’s Principle of Differential Pressure
According to Bernoulli’s Principle of Differential Pressure, The increase of speed of the
air across the top of an airfoil results in a _ in pressure Ans- Decrease
Atmospheric pressure actuates which flight instruments? Ans- Alternator, airspeed
indicator, vertical speed indicator, manifold pressure gauge.
What is created when the high-pressure area on the bottom of an airfoil pushes around
a low-pressure area on top. Ans- Tip vortices.
The pressure at 18,000 feet is greater or less then at sea level? Ans- The pressure at
18,000 feet is less then at sea level.
Calculate pressure altitude using the following information:
Airport elevation 2010 feet, current pressure 29.94. Ans- (29.92-29.94= -.02)
(0.02 X 1,000 = -20)
2,010 – 20 = 1990 PA
1,990 Pressure Altitude
What is relative humidity? Ans- Relative humidity is the amount of water vapor
contained in the atmosphere, and is expressed as a percent of the maximum amount of
water vapor.