Neuroscience FINAL EXAM – USA (Latest 2023/ 2024 Update) Exam Prep with Questions and Verified Answers| 100% Correct| Grade A
Neuroscience FINAL EXAM – USA (Latest
2023/ 2024 Update) Exam Prep with
Questions and Verified Answers| 100%
Correct| Grade A
Q: is ataxia ipsilateral or contralateral to the side of the lesion? why?
Answer:
Ipsilateral; pathways from the cerebellum to the lateral motor systems and periphery are “double
crossed”
Q: What do midline lesions cause?
Answer:
unsteady gait (truncal ataxia) and eye movement abnormalities
Q: What do lesions lateral to the vermis cause?
Answer:
limb ataxia (appendicular ataxia)
Q: During double crossing of the pathways, where is the first crossing?
Answer:
exits at superior cerebellar peduncle and crosses
Q: During double crossing of the pathways, where is the second crossing?
Answer:
pyramidal decussation and ventral tegmental decussation (then influence musculature via
corticospinal and rubrospinal tracts)
Q: Do lesions of the cerebellar vermis cause unilateral deficits? Why/why not?
Answer:
They do not; the medial motor systems influence the proximal trunk muscles bilaterally
Q: pyramidal decussation is part of what tract?
Answer:
lateral corticospinal tract
Q: ventral tegmental decussation is part of what tract?
Answer:
rubrospinal tract
Q: pontocerebellar fibers
Answer:
pons –> cerebellum; primary motor cortex, primary sensory cortex, and primary visual cortex;
enter the contralateral middle cerebellar peduncle and gives rise to mossy fibers that reach almost
the entire cerebellar cortex
main origin of input: cortex
cells projecting: pontine nuclei
Q: spinocerebellar fibers
Answer:
travel in four tracts: the dorsal and ventral spinocerebellar tracts for the lower extremities and the
cuneocerebellar and rostral spinocerebellar tracts
Q: afferent information about limb movement is conveyed to the cerebellum by the
_ for the lower extremity
- unconscious proprioception of limb movements
(ipsilateral)
Answer:
dorsal spinocerebellar tract
Q: afferent information about limb movement is conveyed to the cerebellum by the
_ for the upper extremity and neck - unconscious proprioception of limb movements
(ipsilateral)
Answer:
cuneocerebellar tract
Q: ventral spinocerebellar tract
Answer:
information about activity of spinal cord interneurons for the lower extremity is carried by the
(double crossing)
Q: rostral spinocerebellar tract
Answer:
information about activity of spinal cord interneurons for the upper extremity is carried by the
(double crossing)
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