A nurse is providing an in-service about client rights for a group of nurses. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the in-se
rvice?
A “a nurse can disclose information to a family member with the client’s permission.”
B “A nurse is responsible for informing clients about treatment options.”
C “A nurse can apply restraints on a PRN basis.”
D “A nurse can administer medications without consent to a client as part of a research study.”
The Correct answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is A. “A nurse can disclose information to a family member with the client’s permission.”
Explanation:
Client rights are a fundamental aspect of healthcare practice, ensuring that clients receive respectful, ethical, and legal treatment. Understanding and upholding these rights are crucial responsibilities for nurses.
Option A is correct because, according to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA), nurses and other healthcare providers can disclose protected health information (PHI) to family members only if the client provides explicit permission. This permission must be documented, and the client must be informed of their rights to privacy and confidentiality. The client has the right to decide who can access their personal health information unless it is an emergency or the client is unable to provide consent due to a medical condition.
Option B is misleading. While nurses play a significant role in client education and advocacy, they are not solely responsible for informing clients about treatment options. The healthcare provider (usually the physician) is primarily responsible for discussing treatment options, risks, and benefits. Nurses support this process by reinforcing the information, clarifying doubts, and ensuring the client understands the options provided.
Option C is incorrect because applying restraints on a PRN (as needed) basis is a violation of client rights. Restraints should only be used when absolutely necessary and as a last resort after all other alternatives have been exhausted. The use of restraints requires a physician’s order and must be justified, time-limited, and regularly reassessed to protect the client’s safety and dignity.
Option D is incorrect because administering medications without a client’s informed consent, even as part of a research study, is unethical and illegal. Informed consent is a critical component of client autonomy and rights, ensuring that clients are fully aware of the purpose, risks, and benefits of the study before agreeing to participate.
In summary, client rights emphasize the importance of autonomy, informed consent, and confidentiality. Nurses must be knowledgeable about these rights to advocate effectively for their clients and ensure ethical and legal practices in healthcare.