A nurse is assessing a client who has a heart rate of 56/min. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
A.
Report of dizziness
B.
History of cigarete smoking
C.
Hypoglycaemia
D.
Temperature of 39°C (102°F)
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is A. Report of dizziness.
Explanation:
A heart rate of 56 beats per minute (bpm) is considered bradycardia, which is slower than the normal resting heart rate range of 60-100 bpm. Bradycardia can result from various conditions, including physiological adaptation, medications, or underlying health issues. When assessing a client with bradycardia, the nurse must consider potential symptoms and associated conditions.
**1. ** Report of Dizziness:
Dizziness is a common symptom associated with bradycardia. The heart’s reduced rate can lead to decreased cardiac output, which impairs the delivery of oxygen and nutrients to the brain. This reduction in cerebral perfusion can cause dizziness or lightheadedness. When the heart beats too slowly, it may not pump blood effectively enough to meet the body’s demands, especially during physical exertion or when changing positions. As a result, patients might experience symptoms like dizziness, fainting, or weakness.
**2. ** History of Cigarette Smoking:
While cigarette smoking is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases and can contribute to the development of conditions that might lead to bradycardia (such as coronary artery disease), it is not a direct or immediate result of bradycardia. Instead, it is more of a long-term risk factor rather than an acute finding associated with a heart rate of 56 bpm.
**3. ** Hypoglycemia:
Hypoglycemia, or low blood glucose levels, can cause symptoms such as dizziness, confusion, or weakness. However, hypoglycemia is not directly caused by bradycardia. It can coexist with bradycardia, but it is not a specific finding expected due to a heart rate of 56 bpm.
**4. ** Temperature of 39°C (102°F):
A temperature of 39°C (102°F) indicates fever and can be associated with infection or inflammation. While fever can affect heart rate, a high temperature is not a typical direct consequence of bradycardia. Instead, fever often results in an increased heart rate (tachycardia) rather than bradycardia.
In summary, the most directly related finding to a heart rate of 56 bpm is a report of dizziness due to decreased cerebral perfusion. It is important for the nurse to assess the patient comprehensively, including identifying potential causes of bradycardia and managing any symptoms appropriately.