When using the antitussive Benzonatate, also known as Tessalon Pearls, it is very important to teach the patient to
A.
Eat a high-fatty meal prior to taking medication
B.
Medication can be taken often and whenever he feels a cough is starting
C.
Swallow whole and do not bite or chew the medication
D.
Take medication with orange juice
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is C. Swallow whole and do not bite or chew the medication.
Explanation:
Benzonatate (Tessalon Pearls) is an antitussive medication used to relieve coughing. It works by numbing the throat and lungs, making the cough reflex less active. This medication is often prescribed for short-term use to treat coughs caused by the common cold, bronchitis, and other respiratory illnesses.
Why the Medication Should Not Be Chewed or Crushed:
The most critical instruction when taking Benzonatate is to swallow the capsules whole without chewing, crushing, or dissolving them in the mouth. This is crucial because Benzonatate capsules contain a local anesthetic, and if the capsules are chewed or crushed, the anesthetic can be released directly in the mouth and throat. This can lead to several serious side effects, including:
- Numbness of the Mouth and Throat: Chewing or crushing the capsule can cause immediate numbness in the mouth and throat, which can interfere with swallowing and even breathing. The numbness can lead to choking or aspiration if food, liquid, or saliva is accidentally inhaled into the lungs.
- Severe Allergic Reactions: Benzonatate can cause severe allergic reactions if not taken properly. Chewing the capsule can increase the risk of these reactions, which may include bronchospasm, laryngospasm, and cardiovascular collapse.
- Overdose Risk: The release of the full dose of the drug at once can lead to toxicity. Symptoms of overdose can include restlessness, tremors, convulsions, and even death.
Other Important Considerations:
- Timing of Doses: Benzonatate should be taken exactly as prescribed. It should not be taken more frequently than directed, and patients should not self-medicate or increase the dosage on their own, as doing so increases the risk of side effects.
- Dietary Considerations: There is no requirement to take Benzonatate with a high-fatty meal, nor is it necessary to take it with orange juice. The medication can be taken with or without food, depending on the patient’s preference and tolerance.
- Storage and Handling: The capsules should be stored at room temperature and kept out of reach of children, as ingestion by a child can be fatal even in small amounts.
In summary, when using Benzonatate, it is paramount to instruct patients to swallow the capsules whole without biting, chewing, or crushing them. This precaution helps prevent severe local anesthetic effects, allergic reactions, and overdose, ensuring the medication works effectively and safely.