A client is taking large amounts of salicylates for the treatment of bursitis of the left shoulder. The client should be aware to report which symptoms of salicylate toxicity (salicylism)?
A.
Diarrhea.
B.
Ringing in the ears.
C.
Dry eyes.
D.
Dry hacking cough.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is B. Ringing in the ears.
Salicylate toxicity, or salicylism, occurs when there is an excessive amount of salicylates in the body, often due to high doses of medications like aspirin, which is a common salicylate. Recognizing and managing salicylate toxicity is crucial because it can lead to serious health complications.
Explanation
Salicylate Toxicity Symptoms
Salicylate toxicity can present with a range of symptoms that often reflect its impact on various body systems. Common symptoms include:
- Tinnitus (Ringing in the Ears): One of the hallmark signs of salicylate toxicity is tinnitus. This symptom occurs due to the direct effect of salicylates on the cochlea (inner ear) and the central auditory pathways. It is often an early indicator that the salicylate levels in the body are too high. Tinnitus can be accompanied by hearing loss and may indicate that the salicylate levels need to be reduced to prevent further complications.
- Nausea and Vomiting: These are also common symptoms, along with gastrointestinal upset. This can be due to the irritation of the gastrointestinal lining caused by the salicylates.
- Hyperventilation and Respiratory Alkalosis: Salicylates can stimulate the respiratory center in the brain, leading to increased breathing rate (hyperventilation). This results in a decreased level of carbon dioxide in the blood, causing respiratory alkalosis.
- Confusion and Dizziness: These symptoms can occur due to the effect of salicylates on the central nervous system.
- Fever and Sweating: High levels of salicylates can also cause fever and sweating, contributing to fluid loss and dehydration.
Symptoms Not Typical of Salicylate Toxicity
- Diarrhea: While gastrointestinal issues like nausea and vomiting are common, diarrhea is not a primary symptom of salicylate toxicity. It is more likely related to other causes or medication side effects.
- Dry Eyes: This is not associated with salicylate toxicity and could be related to other conditions or medications.
- Dry Hacking Cough: This is not a typical symptom of salicylate toxicity and is more likely related to respiratory infections or other respiratory conditions.
In summary, the most characteristic and early symptom of salicylate toxicity to watch for is ringing in the ears. If a patient taking salicylates experiences this symptom, it is crucial to seek medical advice promptly to prevent serious complications.