A nurse is preparing to initiate IV therapy for a client. Which of the following sites should the nurse use to place the peripheral IV catheter?
A.
Dominant antecubital basilic vein
B.
Nondominant dorsal venous arch
C.
Dominant distal dorsal vein
D.
Nondominant forearm basilic vein
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
Correct Answer: B. Nondominant dorsal venous arch
Explanation:
When initiating intravenous (IV) therapy, the nurse must carefully select the appropriate site for catheter placement to ensure both efficacy and comfort for the client. The site selection is crucial as it impacts the success of the IV therapy and the overall patient experience.
- Nondominant Dorsal Venous Arch:
The nondominant dorsal venous arch, located on the back of the hand, is often the preferred site for IV catheter insertion for several reasons. Firstly, veins in this area are generally more accessible and visible, which can facilitate easier and more successful catheter placement. The veins in the dorsal venous arch are relatively superficial and less likely to be used for other purposes, reducing the risk of future complications. Additionally, this site allows for better mobility of the client’s arm compared to other sites, which can enhance comfort during the infusion process. - Dominant Antecubital Basilic Vein:
While the antecubital basilic vein is a large vein that provides easy access, it is usually reserved for more critical or long-term infusions due to its proximity to major nerves and arteries. This vein is also more commonly used for blood draws, which might make it less available or more uncomfortable for IV therapy. - Dominant Distal Dorsal Vein:
The distal dorsal veins of the dominant hand can be used for IV insertion but are often smaller and less optimal compared to the nondominant hand’s veins. Additionally, the dominant hand is frequently used, which may increase the risk of dislodgement or discomfort. - Nondominant Forearm Basilic Vein:
The basilic vein in the forearm is deeper and can be less accessible compared to the dorsal venous arch. It is also closer to major nerves and is not always the first choice for peripheral IV placement due to these factors.
In summary, the nondominant dorsal venous arch (Option B) is typically the best choice for initiating IV therapy due to its accessibility, visibility, and less frequent use, which minimizes complications and discomfort for the patient.