A nurse is planning care for a school-age child who has autism spectrum disorder. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan?
A.
Explain procedures in detail to the child.
B.
Stay with the child for long periods of time.
C.
Introduce the child to new situations slowly.
D.
Give the child three options when making choices.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is C. Introduce the child to new situations slowly.
Explanation:
Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition that affects communication, behavior, and social interaction. Children with ASD often have difficulty adjusting to changes, new environments, or unfamiliar situations. They may become anxious or overwhelmed when exposed to unfamiliar stimuli, which is why it is important to introduce new situations slowly and incrementally. Gradual exposure allows the child to process the changes at their own pace, reducing stress and promoting better adaptation.
Let’s review the other options:
- A. Explain procedures in detail to the child: While it’s important to communicate effectively with any child, children with ASD often struggle with processing large amounts of verbal information, especially when it involves complex explanations. It’s more effective to use clear, concise language and visual aids (such as pictures or demonstrations) to help the child understand what to expect. Long explanations might increase anxiety and confusion.
- B. Stay with the child for long periods of time: While providing consistent support is important, staying with the child for extended periods may not always be helpful. Many children with ASD need structured alone time or breaks to help them regulate their emotions and sensory input. A nurse’s presence should be reassuring and supportive but not overwhelming. It’s important to respect the child’s personal space and individual needs for time alone.
- D. Give the child three options when making choices: Offering too many options can be overwhelming for a child with ASD. Typically, limiting choices to one or two options is more effective. Simplifying decisions reduces anxiety and helps the child feel more in control without being overwhelmed by too many possibilities.
By slowly introducing new situations, the nurse can help the child become comfortable, gradually reducing any anxiety related to change. Structured and predictable environments are essential for children with ASD to feel safe and secure. This approach promotes positive outcomes and enables the child to engage more effectively in their care.