An unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) who is working on a skilled nursing unit is diagnosed with hepatitis A (HVA). Two weeks later, a nurse complains of headache, nausea, anorexia, arthralgia, and low-grade fever. Which action should the nurse-manager take next?
A.
Observe the nurse for jaundice and icterus sclera.
B.
Review the immunization status of all unit employees.
C.
Refer the nurse to employee health for serological testing.
D.
Post an employee notice of the outbreak of HVA on the unit.
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct action for the nurse-manager to take next is:
C. Refer the nurse to employee health for serological testing.
Explanation:
Hepatitis A is a viral liver infection transmitted primarily through the ingestion of contaminated food or water, but it can also be spread through close contact with an infected person. Given that an unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP) on the skilled nursing unit has been diagnosed with hepatitis A, there is a potential for exposure to other staff members, including the nurse who is now presenting symptoms consistent with the early stages of hepatitis A infection.
Why Refer to Employee Health for Serological Testing?
- Symptom Assessment and Diagnosis: The nurse’s symptoms (headache, nausea, anorexia, arthralgia, and low-grade fever) are indicative of a possible hepatitis A infection, as they align with the prodromal phase of the disease. Serological testing is crucial for confirming the presence of hepatitis A antibodies and determining if the nurse is infected or has been exposed.
- Prevention and Control: By referring the nurse for serological testing, the nurse-manager ensures that the nurse receives a proper diagnosis and is managed appropriately. Early identification of hepatitis A can help prevent further spread of the virus and ensure the nurse receives necessary medical care.
- Infection Control: If the serological test confirms that the nurse is infected with hepatitis A, steps can be taken to manage the infection and prevent its spread. This might include notifying other potentially exposed individuals and reinforcing infection control measures on the unit.
Why Not the Other Options?
- A. Observe the nurse for jaundice and icterus sclera: While observing for jaundice is important for monitoring the progression of hepatitis A, it is not the immediate priority. Serological testing is needed for a definitive diagnosis.
- B. Review the immunization status of all unit employees: This is a proactive measure for future prevention but does not address the immediate concern of diagnosing and managing the nurse’s potential infection.
- D. Post an employee notice of the outbreak of HVA on the unit: Notification is important for awareness but should be done after assessing and managing the current situation, including confirming the diagnosis through serological testing.
In summary, referring the nurse to employee health for serological testing is the most appropriate next step to confirm the diagnosis and ensure proper management and prevention of hepatitis A spread.