A client with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is at risk of developing ascites due to impaired fluid regulation. The nurse explains that the kidneys’ primary function related to fluid balance is:
A.
Regulation of blood glucose levels.
B.
Maintenance of acid-base balance.
C.
Production of red blood cells.
D.
Filtration and excretion of waste products.
The correct answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is D. Filtration and excretion of waste products.
Explanation:
The kidneys play a crucial role in maintaining fluid balance and homeostasis in the body, which is particularly important in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The primary function of the kidneys involves filtering blood to remove waste products and excess substances, including fluids, electrolytes, and toxins. This filtration process is essential for regulating body fluid levels and ensuring that the internal environment remains stable.
In individuals with CKD, the kidneys’ ability to filter and excrete these waste products diminishes. As kidney function declines, waste products accumulate in the bloodstream, and the body can struggle to maintain an appropriate fluid balance. This impairment can lead to fluid overload, resulting in complications such as edema and ascites. Ascites refers to the accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity and can occur due to various factors, including increased pressure in the blood vessels (portal hypertension) and decreased oncotic pressure due to protein loss.
Additionally, while the kidneys are involved in the maintenance of acid-base balance and the production of red blood cells through erythropoietin secretion, these functions are secondary to their primary role in filtration and excretion. Regulation of blood glucose levels is primarily the function of the pancreas, not the kidneys.
In summary, understanding the primary function of the kidneys in relation to fluid balance is essential for managing patients with CKD. Nurses and healthcare providers must monitor fluid status closely, educate patients on dietary restrictions, and recognize signs of fluid overload to prevent complications such as ascites and ensure optimal patient outcomes.