A nurse is caring for a client who has impaired mobility. Which of the following support devices should the nurse plan to use to prevent the client from developing plantar flexion contractures?
A.
Sheepskin heel pad
B.
Footboard
C.
Trochanter roll
D.
Abduction pillow
The Correct answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is B. Footboard.
Explanation:
Plantar flexion contractures occur when the foot is positioned in a downward flexed position for prolonged periods, leading to shortening of the calf muscles and the Achilles tendon. For clients with impaired mobility, it’s crucial to implement strategies to maintain proper alignment of the feet and prevent contractures.
A footboard is a support device positioned at the foot of the bed, which helps to keep the feet in a neutral position or slightly dorsiflexed. By doing this, the footboard prevents the toes from pointing downwards, effectively reducing the risk of developing plantar flexion contractures. Maintaining proper foot alignment is essential, particularly in clients who are bedridden or have limited mobility, as it helps ensure the muscles and tendons stay elongated.
While sheepskin heel pads (A) provide cushioning and can help prevent pressure ulcers on the heels, they do not specifically prevent plantar flexion. Trochanter rolls (C) are designed to prevent external rotation of the hips in clients who are lying supine but are not effective for the feet. Abduction pillows (D) are primarily used to maintain proper hip alignment, especially after hip surgery, and do not directly address the position of the feet.
In summary, the use of a footboard is the most effective means of preventing plantar flexion contractures in clients with impaired mobility. It supports the feet in a position that helps to maintain muscle length and prevent complications associated with immobility. By integrating this device into the client’s care plan, nurses can significantly enhance patient comfort and prevent musculoskeletal complications related to impaired mobility.