A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus about foot care.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
A.
Soak feet twice daily.
B.
Wear clean cotton socks every day.
C.
Round the edges of toenails when trimming.
D.
Use moisturizing lotion between the toes.
E.
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The Correct answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is B. Wear clean cotton socks every day.
Explanation:
Foot care is crucial for clients with diabetes mellitus due to their increased risk of complications such as neuropathy, poor circulation, and infections. Among the options provided, wearing clean cotton socks daily is one of the most important recommendations.
A. Soak feet twice daily.
Soaking feet can lead to skin maceration and is not recommended, as it can increase the risk of skin breakdown and infections. Instead, feet should be washed gently with soap and water, then dried thoroughly.
B. Wear clean cotton socks every day.
This is the best practice for individuals with diabetes. Cotton socks are breathable and help to absorb moisture, which reduces the risk of fungal infections and helps maintain skin integrity. Changing socks daily helps prevent bacteria buildup and allows for early detection of any foot issues.
C. Round the edges of toenails when trimming.
While it is important to keep toenails trimmed, they should be cut straight across to prevent ingrown toenails, which can lead to infections. Rounding the edges may increase the risk of nails growing into the skin.
D. Use moisturizing lotion between the toes.
Applying lotion between the toes is not advisable, as moisture can promote fungal infections. Instead, it is better to apply lotion on the tops and soles of the feet, avoiding the spaces between the toes.
In summary, foot care education for clients with diabetes should focus on preventing complications through proper hygiene, moisture control, and protective measures. Wearing clean cotton socks every day not only provides comfort but also minimizes risks associated with foot complications. Encouraging regular foot inspections for any changes or injuries is also essential to ensure timely intervention if problems arise