Which of the following accurately compares the formal and informal powers of the president?
Formal Power
Vetoing legislation to prevent a bill from becoming a law
Informal Power
Using a pocket veto to prevent a bill from becoming law
Formal Power
Using the bully pulpit to influence public opinion
Informal power
appointing ambassadors and receiving diplomats from other nations
Formal Power
Acting as commander in chief of the military
Informal
signing executive agreements with foreign nations
Formal Power
Using the power of the purse to support government programs
Informal Power
Using signing statements to shape legislation
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
To accurately compare the formal and informal powers of the president, let’s clarify the definitions of both types of powers:
Formal Powers are those explicitly granted to the president by the Constitution or laws passed by Congress. These powers are clearly defined and provide a legal framework for presidential authority.
Informal Powers, on the other hand, are not explicitly outlined in the Constitution but have developed over time through practice and precedent. They allow the president to influence and lead in ways that might not be immediately apparent in legal terms.
Accurate Comparisons
- Formal Power: Vetoing legislation to prevent a bill from becoming a law.
Informal Power: Using a pocket veto to prevent a bill from becoming law.
Explanation: Vetoing is a formal power defined in Article I, Section 7 of the Constitution, while a pocket veto occurs when the president does not sign a bill into law within ten days while Congress is adjourned. - Formal Power: Acting as commander in chief of the military.
Informal Power: Signing executive agreements with foreign nations.
Explanation: The role of commander in chief is formally established in the Constitution, while executive agreements (which do not require Senate approval) allow the president to engage with foreign nations informally. - Formal Power: Appointing ambassadors and receiving diplomats from other nations.
Informal Power: Using the bully pulpit to influence public opinion.
Explanation: The appointment of ambassadors requires Senate confirmation, making it a formal power. The bully pulpit, however, refers to the president’s ability to use their position to advocate for policies and shape public opinion. - Formal Power: Using the power of the purse to support government programs.
Informal Power: Using signing statements to shape legislation.
Explanation: The power of the purse (related to budgeting) is a formal power controlled by Congress, while signing statements (which clarify how the president intends to interpret a law) are an informal means of influencing legislation post-passage.
Conclusion
In summary, formal powers are those directly linked to constitutional authority and laws, whereas informal powers represent the president’s ability to influence and guide through other means. Both play crucial roles in the functioning of the presidency and the federal government, allowing the president to navigate the complexities of governance effectively.