Complete each statement with the word that makes it true.
The noble gases are the least___________ of any elements on the periodic table. The _ form acidic compounds with hydrogen. The halogens are the most reactive among all the__________ .
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Here are the completed statements along with explanations:
- The noble gases are the least reactive of any elements on the periodic table.
- The halogens form acidic compounds with hydrogen.
- The halogens are the most reactive among all the nonmetals.
Explanation
Noble Gases and Reactivity
Noble gases, which include helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon, are located in Group 18 of the periodic table. They are characterized by their full valence electron shells, which make them extremely stable and largely unreactive under standard conditions. This stability means they rarely form compounds with other elements, which is why they are termed “noble.” Their lack of reactivity is beneficial in various applications, such as lighting (neon lights) and inert atmospheres for chemical reactions.
Halogens and Acidic Compounds
Halogens, found in Group 17 of the periodic table, include fluorine, chlorine, bromine, iodine, and astatine. These elements are known for their high reactivity, particularly with alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, forming salts. When halogens react with hydrogen, they can form acidic compounds known as hydrogen halides. For example, when chlorine reacts with hydrogen, it forms hydrochloric acid (HCl), a strong acid used in various industrial processes.
Reactivity of Nonmetals
Among nonmetals, halogens are considered the most reactive group. Their high electronegativity and ability to gain one electron to achieve a stable octet configuration make them highly reactive, particularly towards alkali metals, which readily lose their single valence electron. This unique combination of properties leads to the formation of ionic and covalent compounds, essential for various chemical processes and industrial applications.
In summary, noble gases are the least reactive, halogens form acidic compounds with hydrogen, and halogens are the most reactive among nonmetals, reflecting their distinct chemical behaviors on the periodic table.