The MOST significant complication associated with oropharyngeal suctioning is:
A. hypoxia due to prolonged suction attempts. B. clogging of the catheter with thick secretions. C. vomiting from stimulating the anterior airway. D. oral abrasions from vigorous suctioning.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The most significant complication associated with oropharyngeal suctioning is A. hypoxia due to prolonged suction attempts.
Explanation:
Oropharyngeal suctioning is a common procedure in healthcare settings, particularly for patients who are unable to clear secretions effectively due to various medical conditions. While all the options listed present potential complications, hypoxia is considered the most significant due to its immediate and life-threatening consequences.
Hypoxia refers to a deficiency of oxygen in the tissues. During suctioning, particularly if it is prolonged, there is a risk of reducing the patient’s oxygen saturation. This occurs because the suctioning process can interrupt the patient’s normal breathing pattern, leading to a decrease in oxygen intake. If suctioning lasts longer than necessary, it can cause a critical drop in blood oxygen levels, resulting in hypoxic brain injury or cardiac arrest if not promptly recognized and addressed.
In contrast, the other complications, while concerning, do not pose the same level of immediate risk.
- B. Clogging of the catheter with thick secretions can hinder suctioning effectiveness but can often be resolved by using appropriate techniques or larger catheters.
- C. Vomiting from stimulating the anterior airway can occur, especially in sensitive patients, but it is generally manageable with proper suctioning technique and positioning.
- D. Oral abrasions from vigorous suctioning can lead to discomfort and potential infections but are less critical than hypoxia.
To mitigate the risk of hypoxia during oropharyngeal suctioning, healthcare providers should adhere to recommended suctioning times (generally not exceeding 10-15 seconds per attempt), monitor the patient’s oxygen saturation closely, and provide supplemental oxygen as needed. Regular assessment of the patient’s respiratory status and ensuring proper suctioning techniques are essential in minimizing the risk of this significant complication.