The Congress of Vienna led to revolts in France because:
A. it had a liberal agenda that angered the conservatives. B. it promoted elected parliaments that weakened the monarchy. C. many people objected to new territorial boundaries. D. many people did not want an absolute monarchy.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is D. many people did not want an absolute monarchy.
The Congress of Vienna, convened in 1814-1815 after the Napoleonic Wars, aimed to restore stability and order to Europe by reinstating monarchies and creating a balance of power among the great nations. One of its primary outcomes was the restoration of the Bourbon monarchy in France, with Louis XVIII ascending to the throne. However, this restoration did not align with the growing desire for more liberal forms of governance, which had gained momentum during the revolutionary period and the rise of Napoleon.
The Congress sought to maintain a conservative order, emphasizing the return to absolute monarchies and traditional hierarchies. This approach alienated many segments of the French population who had experienced the ideals of the French Revolution, such as liberty, equality, and fraternity. The revolutionary spirit had fostered a sense of nationalism and a push for constitutional government, leading to widespread discontent among those who desired more representation and civil liberties.
As Louis XVIII attempted to govern, he faced resistance from both the royalists who wanted a return to the old regime and the liberal factions that sought reforms. The resulting tension and frustration culminated in revolts and political unrest, particularly in 1815, leading to a brief period of the “Hundred Days” when Napoleon returned to power.
These revolts were driven by a collective rejection of the absolutist monarchy that the Congress of Vienna sought to enforce. The discontent reflected a broader European trend towards liberalism and the desire for representative government, demonstrating that the outcomes of the Congress did not adequately address the aspirations of the populace. In summary, the Congress of Vienna’s restoration of absolute monarchy was met with resistance in France due to the populace’s desire for political reform and greater freedoms, ultimately leading to revolts against the established order.