Provides support for the cell, has two “subparts”
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is the cytoskeleton.
Explanation:
The cytoskeleton is a network of fibers that provides structural support for the cell, helps maintain its shape, and enables cell movement. It is often compared to a scaffold that supports the cell’s architecture, much like the frame of a building.
The cytoskeleton is made up of three main components, each with specific functions:
- Microtubules: These are the largest components of the cytoskeleton and are hollow tubes made of tubulin proteins. Microtubules help maintain cell shape, assist in intracellular transport (such as moving organelles like the vesicles), and play a key role in cell division by forming the mitotic spindle that separates chromosomes during mitosis.
- Microfilaments (Actin filaments): These are the thinnest components and are made of actin proteins. Microfilaments provide mechanical strength to the cell, helping it resist tension. They also play a role in cell movement, including amoeboid movement and muscle contraction. Additionally, actin filaments are involved in cytokinesis, the process by which a cell divides into two daughter cells.
- Intermediate filaments: These are made of various proteins, depending on the type of cell. For example, keratin filaments are common in epithelial cells. Intermediate filaments provide structural stability, anchoring organelles in place and providing strength to resist mechanical stress.
The cytoskeleton is dynamic, meaning its components can assemble and disassemble as needed. This flexibility is crucial for processes such as cell division, shape changes, and movement within tissues. It also works in concert with other cellular structures like the cell membrane to ensure proper function and organization of the cell. The two “subparts” of the cytoskeleton are typically microtubules and microfilaments, as these are most prominently involved in cellular movement and structure maintenance.