Punishment is more difficult for teenagers committing public misbehavior because…
A. peers reinforce the misbehavior
B. teenagers are biologically programmed to rebel
C. both a and b
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is C. both A and B provide the correct answer.
Explanation:
Punishing teenagers for public misbehavior can be particularly challenging due to both psychological and biological factors that influence their behavior. These factors include the reinforcement from peers and the inherent developmental stage teenagers are in, both of which complicate disciplinary actions.
- Peer Reinforcement (A):
Teenagers are highly influenced by their social circles, and peer reinforcement plays a crucial role in their behavior. In the context of public misbehavior, if the teenager is surrounded by peers who encourage or even join in the misbehavior, it becomes much more difficult to deter the actions. Peers can create a social environment where misbehavior is either directly or indirectly validated, making punishment seem less effective. For instance, if a teenager is misbehaving in front of friends who laugh or cheer them on, they may feel emboldened rather than deterred by punishment. Peer groups often hold significant sway over adolescents, as their desire for acceptance and status within the group is a powerful motivator. - Biological Programming to Rebel (B):
Adolescence is a developmental phase marked by increased independence, identity formation, and the testing of boundaries. Biologically, teenagers experience hormonal changes that influence their mood, behavior, and decision-making processes. The adolescent brain is still developing, particularly the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for impulse control and decision-making. This underdevelopment leads to impulsive behavior and a tendency to challenge authority. Biologically, teens are more likely to test limits, and this can manifest in public misbehavior. They may act out in ways that challenge social norms, partly because they are trying to assert their autonomy and navigate their developing sense of self. This rebellion against authority can make them resistant to punishment, especially if they view it as an attempt to control them rather than guide them.
Together, these two factors make punishment more difficult. Peer reinforcement encourages continued misbehavior, and the natural inclination to rebel against authority complicates efforts to correct the behavior. Effective discipline strategies for teenagers often need to address both the social influences at play and the underlying developmental processes driving their actions.