Which of the following is true about theories? (1 point) responses they are formulated before an experiment begins so that scientists can properly conduct the experiment. they are formulated before an experiment begins so that scientists can properly conduct the experiment. theories are formulated during an experiment when a scientist predicts what is going to happen. theories are formulated during an experiment when a scientist predicts what is going to happen. they are formulated after several repeated investigations produce the same or similar conclusions. they are formulated after several repeated investigations produce the same or similar conclusions. theories are formulated after one investigation produces groundbreaking results.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is:
“They are formulated after several repeated investigations produce the same or similar conclusions.”
Explanation:
In scientific research, theories are not formed based on a single experiment or observation. Rather, they emerge after extensive and repeated investigations, which provide consistent evidence supporting a particular idea. A theory is a broad explanation of a phenomenon that is based on accumulated empirical evidence over time. Theories are developed from repeated testing and validation of hypotheses through numerous experiments. When multiple studies produce similar results, scientists can begin to form a theory that provides a generalized explanation of the observed patterns.
Here’s why the other options are incorrect:
- “They are formulated before an experiment begins so that scientists can properly conduct the experiment.”
- This statement describes a hypothesis, not a theory. A hypothesis is a testable prediction made before an experiment, based on existing knowledge or previous research. A theory, in contrast, is a well-established explanation that emerges after repeated experiments and testing.
- “They are formulated during an experiment when a scientist predicts what is going to happen.”
- This again describes the formulation of a hypothesis. During an experiment, scientists might predict what will happen based on their existing knowledge, but this prediction does not constitute a theory. Theories are based on the culmination of evidence from numerous experiments.
- “They are formulated after one investigation produces groundbreaking results.”
- This statement is not accurate. While groundbreaking results may contribute to the development of a theory, a single investigation is rarely sufficient to establish a theory. Theories require repeated investigations that yield consistent results, helping scientists refine and validate their understanding over time.
Thus, the process of developing a theory involves the integration of multiple pieces of evidence from various experiments, leading to a comprehensive explanation of the phenomenon being studied.