which of the following is true about theories? (1 point) responses they are formulated before an experiment begins so that scientists can properly conduct the experiment. they are formulated before an experiment begins so that scientists can properly conduct the experiment. theories are formulated during an experiment when a scientist predicts what is going to happen. theories are formulated during an experiment when a scientist predicts what is going to happen. they are formulated after several repeated investigations produce the same or similar conclusions. they are formulated after several repeated investigations produce the same or similar conclusions. theories are formulated after one investigation produces groundbreaking results.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is: They are formulated after several repeated investigations produce the same or similar conclusions.
Explanation:
In scientific research, theories are not formed at the outset of an experiment or immediately after a single experiment. Instead, they arise from a body of evidence gathered over time through repeated investigations and experiments. The process of developing a theory involves the following key points:
- Observations and Hypotheses: Before conducting experiments, scientists typically start with observations and generate hypotheses. A hypothesis is a testable statement or prediction that can be investigated through experiments. Theories, however, are broader than hypotheses and aim to explain why certain phenomena occur, based on evidence accumulated over time.
- Experimental Process: Experiments are carried out to test these hypotheses, and the results may either support or contradict the initial predictions. A scientist must conduct multiple investigations to ensure the results are consistent and reliable.
- Accumulation of Evidence: For a theory to emerge, scientists need to gather a substantial amount of data through repeated investigations. These investigations may involve experiments, observations, or both. The data collected must lead to consistent findings across different studies, showing that the observed phenomenon behaves in a predictable way under similar conditions.
- Formulation of a Theory: Once enough supporting evidence has been gathered and the phenomenon is consistently observed, scientists can formulate a theory. A scientific theory is a comprehensive explanation of the phenomenon based on repeated and verified evidence. It can be used to make predictions and guide further research.
- Refinement and Validation: Even after a theory is formulated, it remains open to testing and refinement. If new evidence challenges the theory, scientists may modify it or develop new theories.
In summary, a scientific theory is the result of many experiments and investigations, leading to conclusions that are consistent and repeatable. It provides a comprehensive explanation of a phenomenon, and it is based on a large body of evidence, not just a single experiment.