Which of the following is not a function of carbohydrates?
A) storage
B) energy
C) structure
D) genetic material
The Correct Answer and Explanation is:
The correct answer is D) genetic material.
Carbohydrates are one of the primary macronutrients found in the human diet, and they perform several essential functions in the body. Let’s break down each option:
A) Storage:
Carbohydrates are involved in storage functions in the body. The most notable example of carbohydrate storage is in the form of glycogen. Glycogen, a polysaccharide, is stored primarily in the liver and muscles and can be broken down into glucose when the body needs energy. This makes carbohydrates essential for maintaining blood sugar levels and providing energy during physical activity.
B) Energy:
Carbohydrates are a primary source of energy for the body. They are broken down into glucose, which is used by cells for energy production. This process, known as cellular respiration, produces ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the energy currency of the cell. Glucose is especially important for energy in the brain and muscles, as they rely heavily on carbohydrates for fuel.
C) Structure:
While carbohydrates are mainly associated with energy, they also have structural roles. For example, cellulose, a complex carbohydrate, provides structural support in plant cell walls. Additionally, carbohydrates, in the form of glycoproteins and glycolipids, play a key role in the structure and function of cell membranes in both animals and plants.
D) Genetic material:
Carbohydrates are not involved in storing genetic material. Genetic material is primarily composed of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid), which are nucleic acids, not carbohydrates. DNA contains the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all living organisms, but carbohydrates do not play a role in encoding genetic information.
Thus, while carbohydrates serve crucial roles in energy storage, energy supply, and structural support, they do not contribute to genetic material, which makes option D the correct answer.