What is function of thyroid gland ??? Explain in detail. How thyroid gland works and how it important in our body
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The thyroid gland, a butterfly-shaped organ located at the front of the neck just below the larynx, plays a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes through the production of hormones. Its primary function is to produce and release thyroid hormones—triiodothyronine (T₃) and thyroxine (T₄)—which are essential for maintaining the body’s metabolic rate, growth, and development.
How the Thyroid Gland Works:
The thyroid gland synthesizes hormones from iodine and tyrosine, an amino acid. Iodine is absorbed from the bloodstream into the thyroid cells, where it combines with tyrosine to form T₃ and T₄. These hormones are then released into the bloodstream, where they travel to various organs and tissues, influencing numerous bodily functions.
Importance of the Thyroid Gland in the Body:
- Regulation of Metabolism: Thyroid hormones are crucial in controlling the body’s metabolic rate. They influence how the body uses energy, affecting processes such as digestion, heart function, muscle control, brain development, and bone maintenance.
- Growth and Development: In children, thyroid hormones are vital for normal growth and development. They play a significant role in brain maturation during fetal development and the early years of life.
- Cardiovascular Function: Thyroid hormones increase the rate and strength of the heartbeat, as well as the rate of breathing, intake and consumption of oxygen, and the activity of mitochondria. Combined, these factors increase blood flow and the body’s temperature.
- Bone Health: The thyroid gland produces calcitonin, a hormone that helps regulate blood calcium levels by decreasing the release of calcium from bone, effectively stimulating movement of calcium into bone.
In summary, the thyroid gland is integral to numerous bodily functions, including metabolism, growth, cardiovascular health, and bone maintenance. Its proper functioning is essential for overall health and well-being.