What is pharynx? Described part and function of pharynx?
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The pharynx is a muscular tube that serves as a passageway for both air and food. It connects the nasal and oral cavities to the larynx (voice box) and esophagus. Located behind the nose, mouth, and larynx, the pharynx is essential for breathing, swallowing, and vocalization. It is divided into three parts: the nasopharynx, oropharynx, and laryngopharynx.
Parts of the Pharynx:
- Nasopharynx: The uppermost section, located behind the nasal cavity. It is primarily responsible for the passage of air during breathing. The nasopharynx contains the Eustachian tubes (which help balance air pressure in the ears) and the adenoids (a type of lymphatic tissue that helps fight infections).
- Oropharynx: Located behind the mouth, the oropharynx serves as a passage for both air and food. It connects to the oral cavity and contains the palatine tonsils, which help defend the body from pathogens entering through the mouth.
- Laryngopharynx: The lower section of the pharynx, leading to the larynx (for air passage) and esophagus (for food passage). It ensures that food is directed into the esophagus and air is directed into the larynx and lungs.
Function of the Pharynx:
The primary functions of the pharynx include:
- Breathing: It allows air to pass from the nasal cavity and mouth to the larynx and lungs.
- Swallowing: It helps direct food and liquids from the mouth to the esophagus, avoiding the trachea (windpipe) and preventing choking. This process involves a coordinated movement of muscles to close the airway temporarily.
- Sound Production: The pharynx plays a role in vocalization by helping shape the sound produced by the larynx. It also aids in speech resonance.
In summary, the pharynx is a vital structure in both the respiratory and digestive systems, ensuring proper airflow, swallowing, and voice production.