Chapter 10-Nervous System Give meanings for the following combining forms: 1. encephal/o- 6.vag/o- 2. kines/o- 7.radicul/o- 3. mening/o- 8. tax/o- 4. neur/o 9. myel/o- 5. my/o- 10. esthesi/o-
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Here are the meanings for the combining forms related to the nervous system:
- encephal/o-: Refers to the brain.
- Example: Encephalitis (inflammation of the brain)
- kines/o-: Relates to movement or motion.
- Example: Kinesiology (study of body movement)
- mening/o-: Refers to the meninges, which are the protective layers covering the brain and spinal cord.
- Example: Meningitis (inflammation of the meninges)
- neur/o-: Refers to nerves or the nervous system.
- Example: Neurology (the branch of medicine that deals with the nervous system)
- my/o-: Relates to muscle.
- Example: Myopathy (disease of the muscle)
- vag/o-: Refers to the vagus nerve, a cranial nerve that plays a role in parasympathetic control over the heart, lungs, and digestive tract.
- Example: Vagotomy (surgical cutting of the vagus nerve)
- radicul/o-: Refers to the nerve root, typically the point where nerves emerge from the spinal cord.
- Example: Radiculopathy (disease of the nerve root)
- tax/o-: Refers to coordination or order, often related to movement and balance.
- Example: Ataxia (lack of coordination or order in movement)
- myel/o-: Refers to the spinal cord or bone marrow.
- Example: Myelitis (inflammation of the spinal cord)
- esthesi/o-: Refers to sensation or feeling.
- Example: Anesthesia (loss of sensation)
Explanation:
The nervous system is a complex network responsible for transmitting signals throughout the body, allowing for movement, sensation, and coordination. The combining forms provided focus on different components of the nervous system and related structures:
- Encephal/o- refers to the brain, which is the central organ of the nervous system, responsible for processing information.
- Kines/o- is related to motion, which is an important function of the nervous system, controlling voluntary and involuntary movements.
- Mening/o- is linked to the meninges, the protective layers that shield the brain and spinal cord from injury and infection.
- Neur/o- pertains to nerves, which transmit electrical signals throughout the body.
- My/o- connects to muscle tissue, highlighting the connection between the nervous system and the muscular system for movement.
- Vag/o- refers to the vagus nerve, a key part of the autonomic nervous system that helps regulate vital body functions.
- Radicul/o- deals with nerve roots, where nerves branch out from the spinal cord.
- Tax/o- reflects coordination, often indicating disorders like ataxia where coordination is impaired.
- Myel/o- can refer to both the spinal cord, which is a central part of the nervous system, and bone marrow, which produces cells vital for the nervous system.
- Esthesi/o- refers to sensation, an essential function of the nervous system for perceiving stimuli.
These combining forms provide a framework for understanding the diverse roles the nervous system plays in maintaining bodily function.