Draw the Lewis structure for each organic compound from its condensed structural formula

Draw the Lewis structure for each organic compound from its condensed structural formula.
a. C3H8 b. CH3OCH3 c. CH3COCH3
d. CH3COOH e. CH3CHO

The Correct Answer and Explanation is :

Lewis Structures and Explanation

a. C3H8 (Propane)

• Structure: Propane is an alkane, a saturated hydrocarbon with single bonds. Its structure has three carbon atoms connected in a chain with hydrogen atoms completing the valency.
• Lewis Structure:

   H   H   H
   |   |   |
H–C–C–C–H
   |   |   |
   H   H   H

b. CH3OCH3 (Dimethyl Ether)

• Structure: Dimethyl ether contains an oxygen atom bonded to two methyl groups ((CH_3)).
• Lewis Structure:

    H   H
    |   |
H–C–O–C–H
    |   |
    H   H

c. CH3COCH3 (Acetone)

• Structure: Acetone contains a central carbon atom doubly bonded to oxygen and singly bonded to two methyl groups.
• Lewis Structure:

    H   H
    |   |
H–C–C=O
    |   |
    H   H

d. CH3COOH (Acetic Acid)

• Structure: Acetic acid contains a central carbon doubly bonded to oxygen and singly bonded to a hydroxyl group ((OH)) and a methyl group.
• Lewis Structure:

    H
    |
H–C–C=O
    |   \
    H    O–H

e. CH3CHO (Acetaldehyde)

• Structure: Acetaldehyde contains a carbonyl group ((C=O)) attached to a methyl group and a single hydrogen atom.
• Lewis Structure:

    H
    |
H–C–C=O
    |
    H

Explanation

• Valence Electrons: Each atom in the compounds contributes a certain number of valence electrons: carbon (4), hydrogen (1), oxygen (6).
• Octet Rule: Carbon atoms form up to 4 bonds to satisfy their octet, oxygen forms 2, and hydrogen forms 1.
• Steps for Drawing:

1. Arrange atoms with carbon as the central atom, connected linearly or branched.
2. Add hydrogen or oxygen atoms to complete the valencies.
3. Represent bonds with lines: single, double, or triple as needed.

• Applications: These structures are fundamental for understanding reactivity, polarity, and intermolecular forces in organic chemistry.