name the following 1.CH3CH2CH2CH2CHOHCH3 2.CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH 3.CH3CH(CH2CH3)2
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Naming the Compounds:
- CH3CH2CH2CH2CHOHCH3
Name: 3-Hexanol
Explanation: This molecule is an alcohol because of the -OH group. The parent chain has six carbon atoms (hex-) with the hydroxyl group attached to the third carbon. The numbering starts from the end closer to the -OH group. - CH3CH2CH2CH2CH2CH2OH
Name: 1-Hexanol
Explanation: This compound is also an alcohol, but the hydroxyl (-OH) group is on the first carbon of a six-carbon chain (hex-). Hence, it’s named 1-Hexanol. - CH3CH(CH2CH3)2
Name: 3-Methylpentane
Explanation: This is an alkane with a branched structure. The longest chain has five carbons (pentane), and there is a methyl group (-CH3) on the third carbon. Thus, the name is 3-Methylpentane.
Explanation of Naming:
Organic compounds are named according to the IUPAC (International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry) system. The process involves the following steps:
- Identify the longest continuous carbon chain:
This determines the base name (e.g., hexane for six carbons, pentane for five carbons). - Number the chain:
Start from the end closest to the functional group (e.g., -OH for alcohols). Functional groups take priority in determining the numbering. - Identify substituents and functional groups:
If there are branches or additional functional groups (like methyl or ethyl), they are named and numbered according to their position on the chain. - Assemble the name:
Combine the base name with prefixes (for substituents) and suffixes (for functional groups). For alcohols, the suffix “-ol” replaces “-e” of the alkane.
This systematic approach ensures that each compound has a unique and universally understood name, crucial for clarity in chemistry.