The Formula For The Conjugate Base Of H2S Is 2. The Formula For The Conjugate Acid Of HC6H606 Is 1. The Formula For The Conjugate Acid Of Sozis 2. The Formula For The Conjugate Acid Of HPO 2. Is Write A Net Ionic Equation To Show That Benzoic Acid, CHCOOH, Behaves As A Brønsted-Lowry Acid In Water. BL Acid BL Base BL Base BL Acid + H20
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
To address this step by step:
Net Ionic Equation for Benzoic Acid in Water
The net ionic equation showing benzoic acid ((C_6H_5COOH)) acting as a Brønsted-Lowry acid in water is:
[
C_6H_5COOH(aq) + H_2O(l) \leftrightharpoons C_6H_5COO^-(aq) + H_3O^+(aq)
]
Here’s the breakdown:
- (C_6H_5COOH) (benzoic acid) donates a proton ((H^+)) to water, acting as a Brønsted-Lowry acid.
- (H_2O) (water) accepts the proton, acting as a Brønsted-Lowry base.
- The products are:
- (C_6H_5COO^-) (benzoate ion): the conjugate base of benzoic acid.
- (H_3O^+) (hydronium ion): the conjugate acid of water.
Explanation (300 Words)
In the Brønsted-Lowry theory, an acid is a substance that donates a proton ((H^+)), and a base is a substance that accepts a proton. When benzoic acid ((C_6H_5COOH)) dissolves in water, it acts as a Brønsted-Lowry acid because it donates a proton to water. The hydrogen atom attached to the carboxylic group ((-COOH)) is acidic, making it capable of proton donation.
The reaction begins with (C_6H_5COOH) interacting with (H_2O). Water, which has lone pairs of electrons on the oxygen atom, acts as a base by accepting the proton. This forms a hydronium ion ((H_3O^+)), which is the conjugate acid of water. The remaining benzoate ion ((C_6H_5COO^-)) is the conjugate base of benzoic acid because it can potentially re-accept a proton.
This reaction is reversible, indicated by the equilibrium symbol ((\leftrightharpoons)), and the extent of dissociation depends on the strength of the acid. Benzoic acid is a weak acid, meaning it does not fully ionize in water, resulting in an equilibrium state.
This process is fundamental in understanding acid-base chemistry, particularly the behavior of organic acids like benzoic acid. The conjugate pairs ((C_6H_5COOH/C_6H_5COO^-) and (H_2O/H_3O^+)) highlight the dynamic proton transfer central to Brønsted-Lowry acid-base theory. Understanding these interactions is crucial in applications like pH regulation, buffer solutions, and organic reaction mechanisms.