The molecular formula of glucose is C6H1206

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The molecular formula of glucose is C6H1206. What would be the molecular formula of a polymer formed by linking 10 glucose molecules through dehydration or condensation reactions? a. C60H100O50 b. C60H111O51 c. C60H102O1 d. C60H120O60 In the chemical reaction shown in the diagram, is formed through a bond. a. dinucleotide; phosphodiesteric b. Disaccharide; glycosidic c. Two glucoses; glycosidic d. polysaccharide; steric

The Correct Answer and Explanation is :

Correct Answers:

  1. C60H102O51
  2. Disaccharide; glycosidic

Explanation:

  1. Molecular Formula of the Polymer
    The molecular formula of glucose is C6H12O6C_6H_{12}O_6. When glucose molecules are linked together to form a polymer, they undergo dehydration (or condensation) reactions, where a water molecule (H2OH_2O) is removed for each bond formed. For a polymer of 10 glucose molecules:
    • The initial molecular formula without bonding would be 10×C6H12O6=C60H120O6010 \times C_6H_{12}O_6 = C_{60}H_{120}O_{60}.
    • Each dehydration reaction removes one H2OH_2O, which is H2O=H2+OH_2O = H_2 + O.
    • To link 10 glucose molecules, 9 bonds are formed, resulting in the loss of 9×H2O=H18O99 \times H_2O = H_{18}O_9.
    The final molecular formula is: C60H120−18O60−9=C60H102O51.C_{60}H_{120-18}O_{60-9} = C_{60}H_{102}O_{51}. Thus, the correct answer is C60H102O51.
  1. Type of Bond and Molecule in the Diagram
    • When two glucose molecules are linked through a dehydration reaction, they form a disaccharide.
    • The bond formed between the glucose molecules is a glycosidic bond, a type of covalent bond that joins carbohydrate molecules.
    Therefore, the correct answer is Disaccharide; glycosidic.

Detailed Explanation:

Dehydration reactions are critical in forming larger biological molecules like polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids. Each bond formed by removing water reduces the total number of hydrogens and oxygens in the final product.

For polysaccharides or disaccharides, glycosidic bonds link monosaccharides (like glucose). These bonds form between the hydroxyl groups of adjacent sugar molecules, releasing water. Similarly, in nucleotide chains, phosphodiester bonds link nucleotides, but this case involves carbohydrates and is specific to glycosidic bonds.

This principle underlies the synthesis of many macromolecules in biology.

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