Name the element which has the following numbers of particles. Be specific. (Include charges and mass numbers where possible.) 26 electrons, 29 neutrons, 26 protons 53 protons, 74 neutrons 2 electrons (neutral atom) 20 protons 86 electrons, 125 neutrons, 82 protons (charged atom) 0 neutrons
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Let’s break down each case one by one:
1. 26 electrons, 29 neutrons, 26 protons
- Element: Iron (Fe)
- Atomic Number (Z): 26 (This corresponds to the number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom.)
- Mass Number (A): 26 protons + 29 neutrons = 55
- Charge: Neutral (since protons = electrons)
So, this element is a neutral atom of Iron-55 (Fe-55).
2. 53 protons, 74 neutrons
- Element: Iodine (I)
- Atomic Number (Z): 53 (This corresponds to the number of protons, which determines the element.)
- Mass Number (A): 53 protons + 74 neutrons = 127
- Charge: Neutral (assuming it’s a neutral atom)
This represents an isotope of Iodine-127 (I-127), which is the most stable and common isotope of iodine.
3. 2 electrons (neutral atom)
- Element: Helium (He)
- Atomic Number (Z): 2 (The number of protons and electrons in a neutral atom.)
- Mass Number (A): 4 (Most stable isotope of helium has 2 neutrons.)
- Charge: Neutral (since protons = electrons)
This corresponds to Helium-4 (He-4), which is the most stable and common isotope of helium.
4. 20 protons
- Element: Calcium (Ca)
- Atomic Number (Z): 20 (This corresponds to the number of protons and defines the element.)
- Charge: Neutral (assuming no charge indicated)
This corresponds to the element Calcium. The most common isotope is Calcium-40 (Ca-40), which has 20 neutrons.
5. 86 electrons, 125 neutrons, 82 protons (charged atom)
- Element: Lead (Pb)
- Atomic Number (Z): 82 (This corresponds to the number of protons and defines the element.)
- Mass Number (A): 82 protons + 125 neutrons = 207
- Charge: This is a charged atom, meaning it has 86 electrons, suggesting it is an anionic form of lead (Pb²⁻).
This corresponds to a Lead-207 (Pb-207) atom with a 2- charge (due to the excess electrons).
6. 0 neutrons
- Element: Hydrogen (H)
- Atomic Number (Z): 1 (This corresponds to the number of protons and defines the element.)
- Mass Number (A): 1 (Most common isotope of hydrogen, which has 0 neutrons.)
- Charge: Neutral (assuming no charge indicated)
This corresponds to Hydrogen-1 (H-1), the most common isotope of hydrogen, which consists of just one proton and no neutrons.
Summary:
- Fe-55 (Iron-55, neutral)
- I-127 (Iodine-127, neutral)
- He-4 (Helium-4, neutral)
- Ca-40 (Calcium-40, neutral)
- Pb-207²⁻ (Lead-207, anionic form)
- H-1 (Hydrogen-1, neutral)
In all these cases, the atomic number determines the element, while the number of neutrons gives us the isotope. The charge is determined by comparing the number of electrons to protons.