- Osmosis involves the movement of:
A. Water molecules through a membrane from a region of higher concentration of water molecules to a region of lower water molecule concentration
B. Solute particles from a region of higher solution concentration to a region of lower solution concentration
C. Water molecules from a region of lower concentration of water to a region of higher water molecule concentration
D. Solute particles through a membrane from a region of lower solute concentration to a region of higher solute concentration
- What does “osmosis” refer to?
A. The constant random motion of ions and molecules
B. The movement of ions and molecules from regions of high concentration to regions of low concentration
C. The movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane
D. The movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane from the side with higher water concentration to the side with lower water concentration
- What is the difference between filtration and diffusion?
A. Diffusion can occur through a biological membrane, whereas filtration cannot.
B. Filtration can occur through a biological membrane, whereas diffusion cannot.
C. Filtration is the movement of molecules caused by a pressure difference, but diffusion does not involve a difference in pressure.
D. Diffusion is the movement of molecules caused by a pressure difference, but filtration does not involve a difference in pressure.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
1. Osmosis involves the movement of:
Answer: A. Water molecules through a membrane from a region of higher concentration of water molecules to a region of lower water molecule concentration
Explanation:
Osmosis is the passive movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane. This process occurs from an area of higher water concentration (where there are fewer solute particles) to an area of lower water concentration (where there are more solute particles). The goal of osmosis is to balance the concentrations of solute on both sides of the membrane. In other words, water moves to dilute the side with a higher concentration of solute, until equilibrium is achieved. Osmosis is a passive process, meaning it doesn’t require energy input.
2. What does “osmosis” refer to?
Answer: D. The movement of water molecules through a semipermeable membrane from the side with higher water concentration to the side with lower water concentration
Explanation:
Osmosis specifically refers to the movement of water molecules across a semipermeable membrane. This process occurs from a region with a higher concentration of water molecules (less solute) to a region with a lower concentration of water molecules (more solute). The semipermeable membrane allows only water molecules to pass through, but not solutes. The movement continues until the concentrations of water and solute on both sides of the membrane are in balance, or isotonic. This process is vital in biological systems, such as in the regulation of water and nutrient balance in cells.
3. What is the difference between filtration and diffusion?
Answer: C. Filtration is the movement of molecules caused by a pressure difference, but diffusion does not involve a difference in pressure.
Explanation:
Filtration and diffusion are both processes that involve the movement of substances, but they differ in the forces that drive them.
- Filtration is the movement of molecules through a membrane driven by a pressure difference. This is a physical process, where substances are forced through the membrane due to mechanical pressure, such as in the kidneys during blood filtration.
- Diffusion, on the other hand, is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, driven by the concentration gradient, not pressure. It is a passive process that does not require any external force other than the random motion of molecules.
In summary, filtration requires a pressure difference to push substances through a membrane, whereas diffusion relies on the natural tendency of molecules to spread from areas of high concentration to areas of low concentration.