The Following Diagram Is A Longitudinal Cross-Section Of A Sponge (Grantia Sp.). Match The Labeled Morphological Features With Their Appropriate Names. C B | A A Osculum / Oscula 4 B Spongocoel + C Choanocytes / Collar Cells D Ostium / Ostia
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
iturn0image0turn0image1turn0image2turn0image3In the longitudinal cross-section of the sponge Grantia sp., the labeled morphological features correspond to the following:
- A: Osculum/Oscula
- B: Spongocoel
- C: Choanocytes/Collar Cells
- D: Ostium/Ostia
Explanation:
Grantia sp., a member of the phylum Porifera, exhibits a syconoid body plan characterized by a series of canals and chambers that facilitate water flow and nutrient acquisition.
- Osculum/Oscula (A): The osculum is the large opening at the apex of the sponge through which water exits after circulating through the internal canals. In the diagram, ‘A’ denotes this exit point. The plural form, ‘oscula,’ refers to multiple such openings. citeturn0search0
- Spongocoel (B): The spongocoel is the central cavity of the sponge, lined with choanocytes. Water enters the spongocoel from the radial canals and exits through the osculum. In the diagram, ‘B’ represents the spongocoel. citeturn0search0
- Choanocytes/Collar Cells (C): Choanocytes, or collar cells, are specialized cells lining the radial canals. Each cell has a flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli that traps food particles from the incoming water. The beating of the flagella creates a water current, aiding in feeding and gas exchange. In the diagram, ‘C’ indicates the location of these cells. citeturn0search0
- Ostium/Ostia (D): Ostia are the small pores on the surface of the sponge through which water enters. These pores lead to the incurrent canals, facilitating the flow of water into the sponge. In the diagram, ‘D’ marks the position of the ostia. citeturn0search0
Understanding these structures is crucial for comprehending the sponge’s feeding mechanism, which relies on the continuous flow of water through its body to filter out food particles and oxygen. The coordinated function of these components enables Grantia sp. to efficiently filter feed and maintain its physiological processes.