Nucleic Acids Nucleic Acids Concept Map are polymers of 1 Name: include consist of 10. include a pentose sugar consist of DNA 18. in DNA is in RNA ist level of structure called 2. 3 Single stranded nucleotides has one more o in 2’c than TERM LIST A nucleotides B. RNA Cadenine (A) D. deoxyribose E. double helix F. rRNA, MRNA, and tRNA Guracil (U) H. pyrimidines I. hydrogen bonds J. hairpins K. a phosphate group L guanine (G) M. thymine (T) N nitrogenous base O. cytosine (C) P. complementary base pairing Qribose R. phosphodiester bonds S. strand T. purines forms secondary structures called have two rings have onering linked by 13. 19. 4. 12. to forma as well as include 14 3D structures 5. 6. opposite and antiparallel strands form the only found in RNA found in both 15. held together by Include held together by 7. only found in DNA 20. 16. following the rules of 17
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
It looks like you’re working on a concept map for nucleic acids and their components. Below is a completed version of the concept map, with terms from the list provided filled in at the appropriate locations. Afterward, I’ll explain the relationships in detail.
Completed Nucleic Acids Concept Map:
- nucleotides
- strand
- phosphodiester bonds
- secondary structures
- hairpins
- 3D structures
- thymine (T)
- uracil (U)
- hydrogen bonds
- pentose sugar
- deoxyribose
- ribose
- nitrogenous base
- complementary base pairing
- purines
- pyrimidines
- adenine (A)
- guanine (G)
- cytosine (C)
- double helix
Explanation (300 words):
Nucleic acids, DNA, and RNA are polymers of nucleotides, which consist of three main components: a nitrogenous base, a pentose sugar, and a phosphate group. The pentose sugar is either deoxyribose (in DNA) or ribose (in RNA). The primary structural difference is that ribose has one more oxygen atom at the 2′ carbon than deoxyribose.
Nitrogenous bases are classified into two groups: purines (adenine and guanine) and pyrimidines (cytosine, thymine, and uracil). Purines have a double-ring structure, while pyrimidines have a single-ring structure. Thymine is only found in DNA, and uracil is exclusive to RNA.
Nucleotides are linked by phosphodiester bonds, forming a sugar-phosphate backbone. The sequence of nitrogenous bases gives nucleic acids their unique properties, such as encoding genetic information.
In DNA, the two strands are antiparallel and held together by hydrogen bonds between complementary bases: adenine pairs with thymine (A-T) and guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C). These complementary base-pairing rules lead to the iconic double helix structure of DNA. RNA, however, is typically single-stranded and may form secondary structures like hairpins due to intramolecular base pairing.
RNA includes different types like mRNA, tRNA, and rRNA, each playing distinct roles in protein synthesis. Together, the interplay of nucleotides and the rules of base pairing ensure the stability, replication, and functionality of nucleic acids in living organisms.