TOPIC: PHOTOSYNTHESIS
A graphic organizer is a visual and graphic display that depicts the relationships
between facts, terms, and or ideas within a learning task. It is also known as a
knowledge map, concept map, story map, cognitive organizer, advance organizer, or
concept diagram.
TASK: Write the summary reaction for photosynthesis. Then make a graphic organizer
around this equation to show the origin of each of the components of the reaction, the
role of each component in the light-dependent and/ or light-independent reactions, and
the relationship among the components of the reaction.
.
INSTRUCTIONS:
The graphic organizer should include the required components and images that represent
Photosynthesis.
The graphic organizer should be informative, creative, colourful and attractive. ∙ The
major considerations for the evaluation are summary content, knowledge of the topic,
and its application, neatness, organization and creativity. A rubric is attached for more
information.
Research the topic thoroughly by using various resources of information, such as
books, journals, lesson notes and other online resources to understand the concept
more clearly.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Photosynthesis Summary:
Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. This process primarily occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and involves two major stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (also known as the Calvin cycle).
The overall equation for photosynthesis is:
6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
This equation represents how plants take in carbon dioxide (CO₂) from the air, water (H₂O) from the soil, and light energy from the sun to produce glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆) and release oxygen (O₂).
Light-Dependent Reactions:
These occur in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts. During this stage, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and other pigments. The energy is used to split water molecules (photolysis), releasing oxygen, electrons, and protons. The electrons are transferred through the electron transport chain, generating ATP and NADPH, which are crucial for the next stage.
Light-Independent Reactions (Calvin Cycle):
This stage occurs in the stroma of the chloroplasts. ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reactions are used to convert carbon dioxide into glucose through a series of enzyme-driven steps. The Calvin cycle involves the fixation of carbon atoms into an organic molecule, which is then converted into glucose, a form of stored chemical energy that the plant can use for growth and reproduction.
Graphic Organizer:
The graphic organizer will visually depict the components of photosynthesis and their relationships within the light-dependent and light-independent reactions.
- Components:
- Light: Provides energy.
- Water (H₂O): Split into oxygen (O₂), protons, and electrons.
- Carbon Dioxide (CO₂): Fixed into glucose during the Calvin cycle.
- Chlorophyll: The pigment that absorbs light energy.
- ATP and NADPH: Produced in the light-dependent reactions, used in the Calvin cycle.
- Glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆): The final product, used by the plant for energy.
- Oxygen (O₂): A by-product released into the atmosphere.
- Stages:
- Light-Dependent Reactions: Occur in the thylakoid membranes; involve the use of sunlight to produce ATP, NADPH, and O₂.
- Calvin Cycle (Light-Independent Reactions): Occur in the stroma; involve the use of ATP and NADPH to convert CO₂ into glucose.
- Images:
- Sunlight shining on plant leaves.
- Chloroplast with thylakoid and stroma.
- Water molecules split, oxygen is released.
- Glucose molecules produced.
- ATP and NADPH as energy carriers.
This organizer will be filled with vibrant colors, clear labeling, and simple diagrams to enhance understanding and retainability. The visual format will link the various components together in a clear, organized way.