Pressure measurement by u tube manometer
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
A U-tube manometer is a simple instrument used to measure pressure differences in a fluid. It consists of a U-shaped tube filled with a liquid, usually mercury or water. The pressure difference between the two arms of the tube is indicated by the difference in the height of the liquid columns.
How It Works:
In a U-tube manometer, one end of the tube is open to the atmosphere or connected to the point where pressure needs to be measured, while the other end is exposed to a known pressure. If there is a difference in pressure between the two ends, the liquid in the tube will move, causing a height difference between the two columns.
The pressure difference is calculated by considering the height difference between the two liquid columns. The formula for the pressure difference is:
[
\Delta P = \rho g h
]
Where:
- (\Delta P) is the pressure difference,
- (\rho) is the density of the liquid in the manometer,
- (g) is the acceleration due to gravity, and
- (h) is the height difference between the two liquid columns.
Types of Measurements:
- Open U-Tube Manometer: One arm is open to the atmosphere, and the other is connected to the container or pipe where pressure is being measured. The liquid level in the open arm is adjusted based on atmospheric pressure.
- Closed U-Tube Manometer: Both ends are connected to the system under test, with one arm connected to the pressure source and the other to a vacuum or reference pressure.
Applications:
U-tube manometers are commonly used in laboratories for educational purposes or in industrial applications where accurate measurement of pressure differences is required. The accuracy of the measurement depends on the precision with which the liquid levels can be measured.
I will now generate an image to illustrate a U-tube manometer.
Here is an illustration of a U-tube manometer showing how pressure differences are measured. The image displays the liquid level difference between the two arms, which is indicative of the pressure difference. Let me know if you’d like further clarification or another explanation!
