Interphase events Complete the sentences on the control of the cell cycle with the correct terms. After S phase appear to share a common centromere. During G1, cells undergo the major portion of their During interphase, all eukaryotic cells synthesize large amounts of During G2, chromosomes begin to undergo The is a disklike protein structure found at the point of constriction on the chromosome.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Here are the correct terms to complete the sentences based on the context of the cell cycle:
- After S phase, chromosomes appear to share a common centromere.
- This is because during the S phase (Synthesis phase), DNA is replicated, and the resulting sister chromatids are held together at a common centromere.
- During G1, cells undergo the major portion of their growth.
- The G1 phase (Gap 1) is primarily focused on cell growth, where the cell increases in size, synthesizes proteins, and prepares for DNA replication.
- During interphase, all eukaryotic cells synthesize large amounts of RNA and proteins.
- Interphase consists of three stages: G1, S, and G2. During this phase, the cell is actively preparing for mitosis and synthesizes the necessary materials, like RNA and proteins, for cell division.
- During G2, chromosomes begin to undergo condensation.
- In the G2 phase (Gap 2), the cell prepares for mitosis. This includes the condensation of chromosomes, which are usually in a loose, thread-like state during earlier phases. Condensation makes them easier to separate during cell division.
- The centromere is a disklike protein structure found at the point of constriction on the chromosome.
- The centromere is a specialized region of the chromosome that holds the sister chromatids together until they are separated during mitosis or meiosis. It plays a crucial role in the alignment and movement of chromosomes during cell division.
Explanation:
The cell cycle is essential for cell division and growth. It consists of two main stages: interphase (which includes G1, S, and G2 phases) and the mitotic phase (M phase). Interphase is the longest phase, where the cell spends most of its time growing and preparing for division.
- G1 (Gap 1) is the phase where the cell grows and performs regular functions. It also checks for environmental factors to ensure that the conditions are suitable for cell division.
- S phase involves DNA replication, where each chromosome is duplicated to create two sister chromatids connected by the centromere.
- G2 (Gap 2) is a phase where the cell continues to grow, synthesizes more proteins, and starts to prepare for mitosis. Chromosomes condense during this phase, making them more compact and easier to segregate during cell division.
The centromere plays a vital role in holding the sister chromatids together and ensuring they are correctly aligned and separated during mitosis.
I will generate an image illustrating these key stages and processes of the cell cycle.
Here is a detailed diagram illustrating the stages of the eukaryotic cell cycle, with a focus on the chromosome condensation and centromere during G2, as well as the replication process during S phase. This should help visualize the concepts discussed in the explanation. Let me know if you’d like further details!
