The following compounds are water-soluble

The following compounds are water-soluble. What ions are produced by each compound in aqueous solution?
a. KOH
b. K₂SO₄
c. LINO
d. (NH4)2SO4

2. Decide whether each of the following is water-soluble. If soluble, tell what ions are produced.
   a. Na₂CO
   b. CuSO
   c. NiS
   d. BaBr
3. Classify each of these as an acid or a base. Which are strong and which are weak? What ions are produced when each is dissolved in water?
   a. KOH
   b. Mg(OH)
   c. HCIO
   d. HBr
   e. LiOH
   f. H₂SO
4. Balance the following equations and then write the net ionic equation.
   a. (NH4)2CO3(aq)+Cu(NO3)2 (aq) →CaCO3(s)+NH4NO3(aq)
   b. Pb(OH),(s)+HCl(aq)→PbCl₂(s)+H₂O(1)
   c. BaCO3(s)+HCl(aq)→BaCl2(aq)+H₂O(1)+CO2(g)
   d. CH,CO₂H(aq)+Ni(OH)(s)→Ni(CH,CO₂):(aq)+H₂O(1)
5. Balance the following equations, and then write the net ionic equation.
   a. Zn(s)+HCl(aq)→H₂(g)+ZnCl2(aq) b. Mg(OH)(s)+HCl(aq)→→MgCl2(aq)+H₂O(1)
   c. HNO3(aq)+CaCO3(s)→Ca(NO₃)₂(aq)+H₂O(1)+CO2(g)
   d. (NH4)2S(aq)+FeCl (aq)→NH4Cl(aq)+Fe₂S(s)
6. How many entities are present in each of the following?

The Correct Answer and Explanation is :

Let’s break this down:

1. Water-soluble Compounds and Their Ions:

• a. KOH: Potassium hydroxide (KOH) is soluble in water. When dissolved, it dissociates into K⁺ (potassium ions) and OH⁻ (hydroxide ions).
• b. K₂SO₄: Potassium sulfate (K₂SO₄) is also water-soluble. It dissociates into 2K⁺ (potassium ions) and SO₄²⁻ (sulfate ions).
• c. LiNO₃: Lithium nitrate (LiNO₃) is soluble in water. It dissociates into Li⁺ (lithium ions) and NO₃⁻ (nitrate ions).
• d. (NH₄)₂SO₄: Ammonium sulfate ((NH₄)₂SO₄) is soluble. It dissociates into 2NH₄⁺ (ammonium ions) and SO₄²⁻ (sulfate ions).

2. Solubility and Ion Production:

• a. Na₂CO₃: Sodium carbonate (Na₂CO₃) is soluble in water. It dissociates into 2Na⁺ (sodium ions) and CO₃²⁻ (carbonate ions).
• b. CuSO₄: Copper(II) sulfate (CuSO₄) is soluble. It dissociates into Cu²⁺ (copper ions) and SO₄²⁻ (sulfate ions).
• c. NiS: Nickel(II) sulfide (NiS) is insoluble in water.
• d. BaBr₂: Barium bromide (BaBr₂) is soluble. It dissociates into Ba²⁺ (barium ions) and 2Br⁻ (bromide ions).

3. Acid/Base Classification and Ion Production:

• a. KOH: Potassium hydroxide is a strong base and dissociates completely into K⁺ and OH⁻.
• b. Mg(OH)₂: Magnesium hydroxide is a weak base. It dissociates partially into Mg²⁺ and OH⁻.
• c. HClO: Hypochlorous acid (HClO) is a weak acid. It dissociates into H⁺ and ClO⁻.
• d. HBr: Hydrobromic acid (HBr) is a strong acid and dissociates completely into H⁺ and Br⁻.
• e. LiOH: Lithium hydroxide is a strong base and dissociates completely into Li⁺ and OH⁻.
• f. H₂SO₄: Sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) is a strong acid in the first dissociation step (H₂SO₄ → H⁺ + HSO₄⁻) but weak in the second dissociation (HSO₄⁻ ⇌ H⁺ + SO₄²⁻).

4. Balancing Chemical Equations:

• a.
  Balanced equation:
  [(NH₄)₂CO₃(aq) + Cu(NO₃)₂(aq) → CuCO₃(s) + 2NH₄NO₃(aq)]
  Net ionic equation:
  [CO₃²⁻ + Cu²⁺ → CuCO₃(s)]
• b.
  Balanced equation:
  [Pb(OH)₂(s) + 2HCl(aq) → PbCl₂(s) + 2H₂O(l)]
  Net ionic equation:
  [Pb(OH)₂(s) + 2H⁺(aq) → Pb²⁺(aq) + 2H₂O(l)]
• c.
  Balanced equation:
  [BaCO₃(s) + 2HCl(aq) → BaCl₂(aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)]
  Net ionic equation:
  [BaCO₃(s) + 2H⁺(aq) → Ba²⁺(aq) + CO₂(g) + H₂O(l)]
• d.
  Balanced equation:
  [CH₃COOH(aq) + Ni(OH)₂(s) → Ni(CH₃COO)₂(aq) + H₂O(l)]
  Net ionic equation:
  [CH₃COOH(aq) + Ni(OH)₂(s) → Ni²⁺(aq) + 2CH₃COO⁻(aq) + 2H₂O(l)]

5. Additional Balanced Equations:

• a.
  Balanced equation:
  [Zn(s) + 2HCl(aq) → H₂(g) + ZnCl₂(aq)]
  Net ionic equation:
  [Zn(s) + 2H⁺(aq) → Zn²⁺(aq) + H₂(g)]
• b.
  Balanced equation:
  [Mg(OH)₂(s) + 2HCl(aq) → MgCl₂(aq) + 2H₂O(l)]
  Net ionic equation:
  [Mg(OH)₂(s) + 2H⁺(aq) → Mg²⁺(aq) + 2H₂O(l)]
• c.
  Balanced equation:
  [2HNO₃(aq) + CaCO₃(s) → Ca(NO₃)₂(aq) + H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)]
  Net ionic equation:
  [2H⁺(aq) + CO₃²⁻(s) → H₂O(l) + CO₂(g)]
• d.
  Balanced equation:
  [(NH₄)₂S(aq) + FeCl₂(aq) → 2NH₄Cl(aq) + FeS(s)]
  Net ionic equation:
  [S²⁻(aq) + Fe²⁺(aq) → FeS(s)]

6. Entities in Solutions:

Let me provide an explanation for counting entities in solution:

Each compound in water dissociates into ions. To count how many entities are present in solution, consider the number of molecules (or formula units) of the compound that dissociate and the ions that they form.

For example:

• KOH dissociates into K⁺ and OH⁻, so for 1 formula unit of KOH, you get 2 ions.
• Na₂CO₃ dissociates into 2Na⁺ and CO₃²⁻, so 1 formula unit gives 3 entities (2 Na⁺ + 1 CO₃²⁻).

This counting works similarly for other compounds.

Let me generate the visual of this!

Here’s a visual representation of the number of entities produced when each compound dissolves in water. The entities are counted based on how the compound dissociates into ions. For example, KOH produces 2 entities (K⁺ and OH⁻), while Na₂CO₃ produces 3 (2 Na⁺ and CO₃²⁻). If you have more questions or need further clarifications, feel free to ask!