Draw Lewis structures to describe the bonding in the following molecules: (a) F2; (b) BF3; (c) NH3; (d) H2Se; (e) H2O2; (f) BeCl2; (g) SiH4; (h) PF5.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
Sure! Here’s an explanation of the Lewis structures for each molecule, followed by their respective images.
(a) F₂ (Fluorine Gas)
Fluorine has 7 valence electrons per atom, and there are 2 atoms. So, a total of 14 valence electrons are involved. Each fluorine atom shares one electron with the other, forming a single bond between them. Both atoms will have 3 lone pairs of electrons.
(b) BF₃ (Boron Trifluoride)
Boron has 3 valence electrons, and fluorine has 7 valence electrons. In BF₃, Boron forms three single bonds with fluorine atoms, using all of its 3 valence electrons. Each fluorine atom has 3 lone pairs to complete their octet.
(c) NH₃ (Ammonia)
Nitrogen has 5 valence electrons, and hydrogen has 1 valence electron. Nitrogen forms three single bonds with hydrogen atoms, using all its 5 valence electrons. It has one lone pair of electrons.
(d) H₂Se (Hydroselenic Acid)
Selenium has 6 valence electrons, and hydrogen has 1 valence electron. In H₂Se, selenium forms two single bonds with hydrogen atoms, using 2 of its 6 valence electrons. It has two lone pairs remaining.
(e) H₂O₂ (Hydrogen Peroxide)
Oxygen has 6 valence electrons, and hydrogen has 1 valence electron. In H₂O₂, each oxygen forms a single bond with a hydrogen atom and another single bond with the other oxygen atom. The two oxygen atoms each have two lone pairs.
(f) BeCl₂ (Beryllium Chloride)
Beryllium has 2 valence electrons, and chlorine has 7 valence electrons. In BeCl₂, beryllium forms two single bonds with chlorine atoms, using both of its valence electrons. Each chlorine atom has three lone pairs.
(g) SiH₄ (Silane)
Silicon has 4 valence electrons, and hydrogen has 1 valence electron. In SiH₄, silicon forms four single bonds with hydrogen atoms, using all 4 of its valence electrons. Hydrogen atoms have no lone pairs.
(h) PF₅ (Phosphorus Pentafluoride)
Phosphorus has 5 valence electrons, and fluorine has 7 valence electrons. In PF₅, phosphorus forms five single bonds with fluorine atoms, using all 5 of its valence electrons. Each fluorine atom has 3 lone pairs.
Now, I’ll generate the image for the Lewis structures of all these molecules.
Here are the Lewis structures for the molecules you requested! You can see the bonding and lone pairs of electrons for each molecule in the image. If you have any questions or need further clarification on any part, feel free to ask!
