Select the best answer or answers from the choices given: An osteon has (a) a central canal carrying blood vessels, (b) concentric lamellae, (c) osteocytes in lacunae, (d) canaliculi that connect lacunae to the central canal, (e) all of these.
The Correct Answer and Explanation is :
The correct answer is:
(e) all of these.
Explanation:
An osteon, also known as a Haversian system, is the fundamental structural unit of compact bone. It consists of several key components that contribute to its strength and function:
- Central Canal (Haversian Canal) (a) – The osteon has a central canal that runs longitudinally through the bone and contains blood vessels and nerves. These vessels provide essential nutrients and oxygen to bone cells while removing waste products.
- Concentric Lamellae (b) – Surrounding the central canal are layers of bone matrix called lamellae. These lamellae are arranged in concentric circles around the canal, giving the osteon its characteristic structure. The alternating fiber orientation in these layers enhances the bone’s strength and resistance to mechanical stress.
- Osteocytes in Lacunae (c) – Within the lamellae, osteocytes, the mature bone cells, reside in small spaces known as lacunae. These osteocytes maintain bone tissue by regulating mineral deposition and communication with other bone cells.
- Canaliculi Connecting Lacunae to the Central Canal (d) – Osteocytes receive nutrients and remove waste through tiny canals called canaliculi. These microscopic channels connect the lacunae to the central canal, allowing for cell-to-cell communication and the exchange of nutrients and waste products.
Since an osteon possesses all of these components (central canal, concentric lamellae, osteocytes in lacunae, and canaliculi), the correct choice is (e) all of these.
This structural organization of osteons makes compact bone strong and resilient, allowing it to withstand stress and protect internal organs.
Now, I will generate an image of an osteon for better visualization.
Here is a detailed anatomical diagram of an osteon (Haversian system) in compact bone, showing the central canal, concentric lamellae, osteocytes in lacunae, and canaliculi. Let me know if you need any modifications or further explanations!