Which of the following best describes problem-focused coping?
a. Employing psychological defence mechanisms
b. Rationalizing the stressful situation
c. Avoiding the stress-producing situation
d. Attacking the stressful problem directly
The correct answer and explanation is :
Correct Answer:
d. Attacking the stressful problem directly
Explanation:
Problem-focused coping is a direct and active approach to handling stress by tackling the root cause of the problem. Unlike emotion-focused coping, which aims to manage emotional distress, problem-focused coping seeks to eliminate, reduce, or modify the source of stress.
This type of coping is particularly effective in situations where the stressor is controllable and can be actively addressed. Examples of problem-focused coping include planning, seeking help, gathering information, setting goals, or taking decisive action to remove or minimize the stressor.
For instance, if someone is struggling with an overwhelming workload, they might use problem-focused coping by prioritizing tasks, delegating responsibilities, or improving time management skills rather than just trying to feel better about the stress.
Now, let’s examine why the other answer choices are incorrect:
- (a) Employing psychological defense mechanisms – This refers to emotion-focused coping, where people unconsciously distort reality (e.g., denial or repression) to avoid emotional distress.
- (b) Rationalizing the stressful situation – Rationalization is a defense mechanism where individuals justify their stress instead of solving it, making it an emotion-focused rather than problem-focused approach.
- (c) Avoiding the stress-producing situation – Avoidance is a passive strategy and does not resolve the stressor. It often leads to long-term stress persistence rather than its resolution.
Problem-focused coping is beneficial when the situation is changeable. However, if the stressor is uncontrollable, such as the loss of a loved one, emotion-focused coping (e.g., seeking social support, acceptance) may be more appropriate.
Image Representation:
A visual representation of problem-focused coping could include someone making a to-do list, brainstorming solutions, or engaging in active problem-solving. Let me generate an image for you.
Here is the image representing problem-focused coping. It illustrates a person actively solving a problem by planning, writing a to-do list, and organizing their thoughts to address a stressful situation.