Draw the Lewis Structures for the following molecules:
NH3
SO2
CCl4
H2O
The correct answer and explanation is :
Here are the Lewis structures for the four molecules:
- NH3 (Ammonia):
- Ammonia consists of a nitrogen (N) atom bonded to three hydrogen (H) atoms.
- The nitrogen atom has one lone pair of electrons and is sp3 hybridized.
- The three hydrogen atoms each share one electron with nitrogen, creating single covalent bonds.
- The structure is trigonal pyramidal, with the nitrogen atom at the apex and the hydrogen atoms at the base.
- SO2 (Sulfur dioxide):
- Sulfur dioxide contains a sulfur (S) atom double-bonded to two oxygen (O) atoms.
- The sulfur atom has a lone pair of electrons, making the structure bent (V-shaped).
- Each oxygen atom forms a double bond with sulfur, and the sulfur atom also has a lone pair of electrons.
- CCl4 (Carbon tetrachloride):
- Carbon tetrachloride has a carbon (C) atom at the center, bonded to four chlorine (Cl) atoms.
- Each chlorine atom forms a single covalent bond with the carbon atom.
- The structure is tetrahedral, with the carbon atom in the center and the chlorine atoms at the corners.
- H2O (Water):
- Water consists of an oxygen (O) atom bonded to two hydrogen (H) atoms.
- Oxygen has two lone pairs of electrons and is sp3 hybridized.
- The hydrogen atoms form single bonds with the oxygen atom, and the structure is bent due to the repulsion of the lone pairs on the oxygen atom.
These structures follow the octet rule for most atoms, except hydrogen, which follows the duet rule.